National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019 Technical Report − Volume I 264 Table 21.1: Prevalence of Total Health Literacy Level Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Above in Malaysia by Socio-Demographic Characteristics (n=9,478) Sociodemographic Characteristics Limited Health Literacy Level (Score 0-33) Sufficient Health Literacy Level (Score >33-42) Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Lower Upper Lower Upper MALAYSIA 3,382 6,926,178 35.0 33.02 37.11 4,022 8,048,557 40.7 38.89 42.57 State Johor 216 536,122 23.1 17.48 29.95 315 842,275 36.4 30.73 42.36 Kedah 204 465,962 38.0 30.34 46.25 182 445,896 36.3 31.40 41.58 Kelantan 174 343,895 36.7 31.24 42.42 176 380,348 40.5 34.29 47.10 Melaka 130 137,179 27.2 19.52 36.52 249 240,450 47.7 41.17 54.25 Negeri Sembilan 104 138,138 26.4 20.67 33.05 182 262,099 50.1 41.71 58.45 Pahang 216 318,886 34.2 29.16 39.63 235 409,713 44.0 38.59 49.45 Pulau Pinang 251 481,371 43.8 35.02 53.06 229 481,120 43.8 35.68 52.30 Perak 218 575,320 39.1 32.75 45.91 185 487,387 33.2 26.75 40.24 Perlis 182 45,612 30.3 23.97 37.45 248 75,666 50.2 44.44 56.04 Selangor 355 1,468,187 33.5 28.06 39.38 487 1,862,761 42.5 37.87 47.23 Terengganu 216 253,693 39.0 35.55 42.53 236 275,585 42.4 38.48 46.32 Sabah 367 1,083,191 43.2 37.03 49.61 322 994,382 39.7 33.04 46.69 Sarawak 306 732,616 40.8 35.88 45.92 257 642,620 35.8 32.09 39.67 WP Kuala Lumpur 139 311,969 27.1 20.65 34.73 205 584,736 50.8 44.84 56.80 WP Labuan 176 19,317 30.6 25.84 35.73 258 33,637 53.2 47.19 59.15 WP Putrajaya 128 14,721 27.1 21.78 33.08 256 29,882 54.9 49.13 60.60 Location Urban 1,924 5,118,651 33.2 30.80 35.70 2,511 6,332,478 41.1 38.87 43.33 Rural 1,458 1,807,527 41.5 38.29 44.85 1,511 1,716,079 39.4 36.73 42.20 Sex Male 1,550 3,779,948 37.2 34.25 40.28 1,838 3,933,177 38.7 35.99 41.52 Female 1,832 3,146,230 32.7 30.70 34.85 2,184 4,115,380 42.8 40.81 44.87 Age Group (Years) 18-19 114 344,350 40.1 32.14 48.62 143 336,126 39.2 31.88 46.92 20-24 309 1,022,527 37.3 32.12 42.73 417 1,180,300 43.0 37.61 48.61 25-29 275 912,757 31.7 27.27 36.54 411 1,185,239 41.2 36.62 45.93 30-34 270 796,281 32.0 27.08 37.35 435 936,545 37.6 33.28 42.20 35-39 319 704,037 31.1 26.85 35.77 459 986,742 43.6 38.94 48.44 40-44 245 449,708 25.6 21.44 30.28 389 808,987 46.1 40.76 51.49 45-49 243 459,437 29.7 25.40 34.35 384 674,209 43.6 38.73 48.51 50-54 287 487,414 34.9 30.70 39.37 383 586,304 42.0 37.48 46.64 55-59 314 437,631 35.7 30.98 40.69 338 511,480 41.7 37.43 46.13 60-64 294 395,710 41.2 35.63 47.01 294 373,394 38.9 33.76 44.26 65-69 263 344,280 49.5 42.58 56.43 184 229,327 33.0 26.88 39.70 70-74 205 239,044 51.2 43.72 58.71 105 137,273 29.4 23.60 36.02 75 & above 244 333,002 68.0 60.90 74.31 80 102,631 21.0 15.69 27.40 Ethnicity Malaya 2,010 3,122,347 30.6 28.70 32.61 2,768 4,479,846 43.9 42.14 45.75 Chinese 468 1,520,679 36.6 31.32 42.23 414 1,493,965 36.0 31.45 40.74 Indian 186 341,632 30.3 24.43 36.86 211 413,609 36.7 31.83 41.79 Bumiputera Sabah 262 512,133 38.6 32.81 44.71 277 548,394 41.3 35.45 47.46
Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 265 Sociodemographic Characteristics Excellent Health Literacy Level (Score >42-50) Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Lower Upper MALAYSIA 2,074 4,792,941 24.3 22.56 26.02 State Johor 296 939,034 40.5 32.83 48.71 Kedah 127 315,211 25.7 20.49 31.68 Kelantan 106 214,112 22.8 19.24 26.84 Melaka 149 126,802 25.1 18.96 32.52 Negeri Sembilan 83 123,113 23.5 16.62 32.19 Pahang 114 203,661 21.9 18.80 25.24 Pulau Pinang 72 135,601 12.4 8.63 17.36 Perak 147 407,484 27.7 22.24 33.95 Perlis 91 29,317 19.5 14.74 25.26 Selangor 231 1,053,955 24.0 20.38 28.11 Terengganu 107 121,446 18.7 15.70 22.04 Sabah 119 429,303 17.1 13.42 21.60 Sarawak 159 420,204 23.4 18.61 29.00 WP Kuala Lumpur 99 253,644 22.1 15.78 29.93 WP Labuan 80 10,255 16.2 12.86 20.26 WP Putrajaya 94 9,798 18.0 14.11 22.71 Location Urban 1,384 3,964,617 25.7 23.66 27.89 Rural 690 828,324 19.0 16.87 21.40 Sex Male 942 2,444,701 24.1 21.76 26.54 Female 1,132 2,348,240 24.4 22.55 26.42 Age Group (Years) 18-19 63 178,185 20.8 14.87 28.18 20-24 174 540,771 19.7 16.02 24.01 25-29 239 779,378 27.1 22.88 31.75 30-34 248 755,644 30.4 24.71 36.68 35-39 235 570,664 25.2 21.53 29.34 40-44 209 496,976 28.3 23.63 33.51 45-49 208 414,225 26.8 22.44 31.57 50-54 203 322,419 23.1 19.38 27.28 55-59 188 277,048 22.6 18.59 27.18 60-64 135 191,316 19.9 16.15 24.31 65-69 80 121,914 17.5 13.09 23.07 70-74 58 90,166 19.3 13.84 26.32 75 & above 34 54,235 11.1 7.42 16.21 Ethnicity Malaya 1,388 2,593,795 25.4 23.53 27.44 Chinese 277 1,139,869 27.4 23.07 32.28 Indian 169 372,838 33.1 27.76 38.81 Bumiputera Sabah 93 266,490 20.1 15.62 25.43
National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019 Technical Report − Volume I 266 Table 21.1: Prevalence of Total Health Literacy Level Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Above in Malaysia by Socio-Demographic Characteristics (n=9,478) (cont’d) Sociodemographic Characteristics Limited Health Literacy Level (Score 0-33) Sufficient Health Literacy Level (Score >33-42) Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Lower Upper Lower Upper Bumiputera Sarawak 181 394,835 41.9 34.59 49.63 155 353,043 37.5 31.99 43.32 Others 275 1,034,552 51.2 42.44 59.90 197 759,701 37.6 29.57 46.39 Marital Status Single 729 2,194,197 38.6 34.86 42.44 901 2,240,832 39.4 36.11 42.80 Married 2,193 4,115,581 32.2 29.95 34.45 2,802 5,378,627 42.0 39.93 44.15 Widow(er)/Divorcee 460 616,400 48.1 43.06 53.15 319 429,099 33.5 28.95 38.32 Education Level No Formal Education 337 569,890 64.8 55.71 72.93 106 230,261 26.2 19.29 34.48 Primary Education 993 1,750,292 50.3 45.79 54.89 673 1,248,430 35.9 31.72 40.32 Secondary Education 1,476 3,181,020 32.4 30.07 34.78 2,082 4,127,003 42.0 39.70 44.34 Tertiary Education 553 1,352,856 24.6 21.83 27.67 1,153 2,423,297 44.1 41.25 47.05 Occupation Government Employee 225 321,280 21.1 17.73 24.95 494 652,367 42.9 38.17 47.71 Private Employee 899 2,664,721 34.2 30.71 37.94 1,286 3,201,104 41.1 37.79 44.55 Self Employed 642 1,252,329 36.7 32.85 40.77 713 1,357,276 39.8 35.78 43.95 Unpaid Worker/Homemaker 665 1,074,546 32.7 29.43 36.08 779 1,446,284 44.0 40.65 47.34 Retiree 146 223,983 30.3 23.70 37.80 204 298,117 40.3 34.53 46.37 Student 73 215,817 29.5 21.69 38.81 140 360,519 49.3 40.55 58.17 Not Workingb 729 1,170,463 51.2 46.45 55.95 405 730,291 32.0 27.96 36.23 Household Income Group Less than RM 1,000 472 736,243 49.5 44.04 55.02 302 547,093 36.8 32.01 41.87 RM 1,000 - RM 1,999 757 1,478,633 39.4 35.27 43.66 768 1,482,071 39.5 35.36 43.75 RM 2,000 - RM 3,999 950 2,036,491 34.5 31.35 37.81 1,172 2,373,834 40.2 37.01 43.53 RM 4,000 - RM 5,999 423 922,677 29.0 25.40 32.90 669 1,384,366 43.5 39.62 47.51 RM 6,000 - RM 7,999 267 648,633 33.8 28.35 39.75 393 765,749 39.9 34.93 45.12 RM 8,000 - RM 9,999 98 211,115 24.4 18.20 31.93 195 428,949 49.6 41.78 57.45 RM 10,000 and above 180 483,817 31.4 22.77 41.64 321 627,249 40.8 33.63 48.31 Household Income Quintile Quintile 1 884 1,514,641 44.4 40.41 48.46 683 1,327,546 38.9 35.06 42.92 Quintile 2 664 1,394,410 37.7 33.51 42.06 748 1,413,214 38.2 33.90 42.68 Quintile 3 580 1,222,138 33.0 29.18 37.01 735 1,536,710 41.5 37.80 45.22 Quintile 4 474 1,042,856 29.8 26.32 33.42 745 1,509,894 43.1 39.37 46.85 Quintile 5 545 1,343,565 31.1 27.01 35.48 909 1,821,947 42.2 38.56 45.84 Household Income Category Bottom 40% 2,287 4,362,590 36.6 34.04 39.14 2,492 4,885,374 40.9 38.55 43.36 Middle 40% 655 1,617,640 32.6 29.27 36.13 986 1,989,362 40.1 37.03 43.25 Top 20% 205 537,379 30.7 22.90 39.86 342 734,574 42.0 35.28 49.06 a - Malay includes Orang Asli b - Not working includes Unemployed, and Old Age