Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 085 Table 6.2: Prevalence of Smokers Among Respondents Aged 15 Years and Above in Malaysia by Socio-Demographic Characteristics (n=11,058) (cont’d) Sociodemographic Characteristics Current Smokers Current Cigarette Smokers Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Lower Upper Lower Upper Bumiputera Sabah 139 325,858 21.7 17.24 26.88 136 322,118 21.4 16.95 26.70 Bumiputera Sarawak 85 256,776 24.5 19.64 30.08 83 242,909 23.2 19.35 27.47 Others 168 809,552 33.5 26.96 40.70 167 809,052 33.5 26.94 40.68 Marital Status Single 585 1,774,258 22.9 20.37 25.70 568 1,727,603 22.3 19.78 25.08 Married 1,386 2,977,006 21.7 19.97 23.63 1,355 2,922,512 21.3 19.60 3.21 Widow(er)/Divorcee 93 126,433 8.4 6.01 11.63 93 126,433 8.4 6.01 11.63 Education Level No Formal Education 72 169,992 15.7 10.99 21.96 71 168,752 15.6 10.87 21.87 Primary Education 455 1,104,878 24.3 20.71 28.27 448 1,097,834 24.1 20.57 28.10 Secondary Education 1,207 2,844,505 24.6 22.65 26.59 1,180 2,779,935 24.0 22.12 26.00 Tertiary Education 317 727,219 13.0 11.10 15.16 304 698,923 12.5 10.62 14.63 Occupation Government Employee 185 283,434 18.2 14.68 22.27 182 280,146 18.0 14.49 22.04 Private Employee 874 2,469,707 30.1 27.39 32.99 858 2,432,678 29.7 26.95 32.54 Self Employed 575 1,263,487 33.7 29.38 38.31 558 1,229,649 32.8 28.52 37.38 Unpaid Worker/Homemaker 39 84,767 2.3 1.40 3.82 39 84,768 2.3 1.40 3.82 Retiree 96 142,215 17.9 13.53 23.33 92 135,676 17.1 12.78 22.48 Student 58 179,863 8.0 5.98 10.61 52 159,521 7.1 5.21 9.57 Not Workingb 234 448,149 16.5 13.87 19.52 232 448,035 16.5 13.87 19.52 Household Income Group Less than RM 1,000 172 321,336 17.3 14.25 20.83 170 315,306 17.0 13.93 20.52 RM 1,000 - RM 1,999 508 1,202,476 26.8 23.75 30.18 500 1,185,418 26.5 23.37 29.81 RM 2,000 - RM 3,999 649 1,577,120 22.8 20.32 25.50 633 1,543,258 22.3 19.85 24.98 RM 4,000 - RM 5,999 335 794,897 22.0 18.86 25.59 327 780,872 21.7 18.47 25.22 RM 6,000 - RM 7,999 193 521,632 25.5 20.53 31.11 185 496,757 24.2 19.31 29.98 RM 8,000 - RM 9,999 59 139,802 14.8 9.75 21.70 56 135,545 14.3 9.34 21.28 RM 10,000 and above 102 220,837 12.9 9.33 17.56 101 220,337 12.9 9.30 17.54 Household Income Quintile Quintile 1 433 955,640 22.9 20.24 25.71 426 939,104 22.5 19.85 25.32 Quintile 2 455 1,104,348 25.3 21.78 29.15 448 1,086,272 24.9 21.38 28.73 Quintile 3 398 950,099 22.0 19.48 24.69 386 927,763 21.5 18.97 24.17 Quintile 4 378 885,741 22.2 19.20 25.54 370 871,716 21.9 18.84 25.20 Quintile 5 354 882,270 18.7 15.72 22.18 342 852,638 18.1 15.12 21.54 Household Income Category Bottom 40% 1,430 3,283,476 23.4 21.61 25.20 1,403 3,228,671 23.0 21.23 24.80 Middle 40% 466 1,180,945 21.2 18.44 24.28 450 1,139,860 20.5 17.74 23.51 Top 20% 122 313,679 16.2 12.36 20.84 119 308,962 15.9 12.13 20.60 a - Malay includes Orang Asli b - Not working includes Unemployed, and Old Age
National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019 Technical Report − Volume I 086 Table 6.3: Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco and E-cigarettes / Vape Use Among Respondents Aged 15 Years and Above in Malaysia by Socio-Demographic Charac teristics Sociodemographic Characteristics Smokeless Tobacco Use E-cigarettes/Vape Use Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Lower Upper Lower Upper MALAYSIA 546 1,496,276 6.5 5.63 7.58 401 1,126,073 4.9 4.10 5.92 State Johor 40 165,729 6.4 3.82 10.66 30 104,550 4.1 2.56 6.49 Kedah 23 84,314 5.9 3.94 8.88 21 77,456 5.5 3.44 8.59 Kelantan 9 29,971 2.4* 1.00 5.86 9 29,971 2.5* 1.01 5.89 Melaka 32 37,918 6.1 3.56 10.12 24 32,539 5.3* 2.66 10.10 Negeri Sembilan 21 46,514 6.2 4.13 9.35 16 37,110 5.0 3.21 7.69 Pahang 39 76,043 6.8 4.78 9.70 26 51,987 4.7 2.98 7.29 Pulau Pinang 20 47,389 3.6* 1.75 7.39 17 43,551 3.3* 1.48 7.38 Perak 20 87,506 5.2 3.00 8.92 12 53,086 3.2* 1.56 6.31 Perlis 29 12,413 7.2 4.32 11.74 13 6,452 3.8 2.15 6.46 Selangor 71 352,669 7.2 5.18 9.98 56 293,049 6.0 4.07 8.76 Terengganu 35 63,252 7.8 5.20 11.39 32 59,195 7.3 5.04 10.43 Sabah 58 270,848 9.4 5.62 15.26 27 198,624 6.9* 3.42 13.44 Sarawak 48 145,866 7.4 5.35 10.04 29 88,747 4.5 2.77 7.15 WP Kuala Lumpur 24 67,038 5.0 3.30 7.41 17 41,724 3.1 1.91 4.99 WP Labuan 54 5,910 9.4 6.62 13.23 50 5,153 8.2 5.53 12.03 WP Putrajaya 23 2,893 4.3* 2.37 7.70 22 2,877 4.3* 2.35 7.66 Location Urban 355 1,192,595 6.7 5.60 8.01 273 898,622 5.1 4.06 6.31 Rural 191 303,681 5.9 4.81 7.29 128 227,450 4.5 3.43 5.76 Sex Male 501 1,420,041 12.1 10.41 14.12 386 1,094,971 9.4 7.80 11.26 Female 45 76,235 0.7 0.44 1.05 15 31,102 0.3* 0.13 0.59 Age Group (Years) 15-19 63 210,316 8.0 5.89 10.79 59 196,087 7.5 5.41 10.26 20-24 112 456,080 16.0 11.16 22.40 102 417,493 14.7 9.89 21.33 25-29 89 255,111 8.6 6.38 11.38 68 181,658 6.1 4.39 8.46 30-34 79 201,662 7.6 5.38 10.64 61 127,286 4.8 3.30 6.94 35-39 54 92,072 3.9 2.67 5.68 39 56,226 2.4 1.48 3.83 40-44 41 102,900 5.6 3.81 8.22 32 77,632 4.2 2.64 6.77 45-49 27 55,780 3.4 1.97 5.68 19 42,804 2.6* 1.36 4.87 50-54 24 41,603 2.7* 1.48 4.90 10 9,278 0.6* 0.23 1.61 55-59 21 36,056 2.7 1.58 4.72 7 11,513 0.9* 0.38 2.00 60-64 13 18,686 1.7* 0.90 3.20 2 2,923 0.3* 0.06 1.13 65-69 13 15,588 2.0* 0.87 4.34 1 2,673 0.3* 0.05 2.35 70-74 5 4,389 0.8* 0.30 2.10 0
75 & above 5 6,033 0.9* 0.32 2.64 1 500 0.1* 0.01 0.55 Ethnicity Malaya 405 845,739 7.1 6.29 8.11 318 679,451 5.8 4.98 6.65 Chinese 32 208,436 4.4 2.55 7.45 23 166,846 3.5* 1.81 6.78 Indian 14 20,167 1.5* 0.72 3.04 9 13,100 1.0* 0.36 2.55
Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 087 Table 6.3: Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco and E-cigarettes / Vape Use Among Respondents Aged 15 Years and Above in Malaysia by Socio-Demographic Charac teristics (cont’d) Sociodemographic Characteristics Smokeless Tobacco Use E-cigarettes/Vape Use Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Count Estimated Population Prevalence (%) 95% CI Lower Upper Lower Upper Bumiputera Sabah 56 148,733 9.9 7.46 12.93 26 76,299 5.1 3.00 8.42 Bumiputera Sarawak 21 78,037 7.5 4.52 12.16 14 51,746 5.0* 2.35 10.18 Others 18 195,164 8.1* 3.68 16.81 11 138,630 5.8* 2.11 14.72 Marital Status Single 236 791,890 10.2 8.52 12.26 202 666,735 8.7 7.02 10.63 Married 300 686,645 5.0 3.94 6.38 196 452,355 3.3 2.36 4.63 Widow(er)/Divorcee 10 17,740 1.2* 0.54 2.58 3 6,983 0.5* 0.13 1.70 Education Level No Formal Education 16 36,873 3.4* 1.07 10.41 1 500 0.1* 0.01 0.33 Primary Education 51 234,110 5.2* 2.82 9.25 19 145,068 3.2* 1.27 7.83 Secondary Education 328 902,023 7.8 6.55 9.24 247 706,422 6.1 4.95 7.55 Tertiary Education 149 317,954 5.7 4.51 7.17 133 270,341 4.8 3.78 6.20 Occupation Government Employee 67 114,396 7.3 5.20 10.29 55 81,981 5.3 3.50 7.86 Private Employee 264 765,766 9.3 7.51 11.54 214 596,675 7.3 5.75 9.23 Self Employed 80 283,761 7.6 4.65 12.20 49 210,365 5.7* 2.95 10.57 Unpaid Worker/Homemaker 24 43,237 1.2 0.68 2.05 8 18,110 0.5* 0.19 1.29 Retiree 13 25,044 3.2* 1.49 6.61 3 6,758 0.9* 0.27 2.68 Student 41 135,373 6.0 4.04 8.80 38 128,035 5.7 3.76 8.50 Not Workingb 57 128,698 4.8 3.39 6.66 34 84,147 3.1 2.04 4.77 Household Income Group Less than RM 1,000 34 70,353 3.8 2.34 6.13 14 46,512 2.5* 1.26 5.00 RM 1,000 - RM 1,999 98 307,318 6.9 4.99 9.39 59 196,514 4.4 3.10 6.22 RM 2,000 - RM 3,999 164 508,442 7.4 5.46 9.85 126 387,393 5.6 3.81 8.18 RM 4,000 - RM 5,999 104 237,815 6.6 5.07 8.52 88 193,173 5.4 3.97 7.26 RM 6,000 - RM 7,999 77 236,943 11.6 7.43 17.74 64 199,531 9.8 5.81 16.18 RM 8,000 - RM 9,999 27 42,367 4.5* 2.29 8.48 23 40,316 4.3* 2.14 8.27 RM 10,000 and above 31 59,075 3.5* 1.76 6.67 24 48,700 2.9* 1.31 6.18 Household Income Quintile Quintile 1 78 249,103 6.0 4.12 8.59 42 156,610 3.8 2.51 5.61 Quintile 2 99 338,036 7.8 5.04 11.75 63 253,213 5.8 3.32 9.97 Quintile 3 109 278,307 6.4 5.08 8.13 87 215,892 5.0 3.78 6.58 Quintile 4 114 258,483 6.5 5.02 8.32 95 197,878 5.0 3.68 6.72 Quintile 5 135 338,385 7.2 5.09 10.12 111 288,547 6.2 4.11 9.19 Household Income Category Bottom 40% 346 953,369 6.8 5.57 8.27 246 695,902 5.0 3.91 6.29 Middle 40% 148 425,443 7.7 5.72 10.16 119 341,010 6.1 4.33 8.66 Top 20% 41 83,502 4.3 2.73 6.73 33 75,228 3.9 2.41 6.28 *Prevalence with high RSE, interpret with caution a - Malay includes Orang Asli b - Not working includes Unemployed, and Old Age