The Vietnam War was primarily driven by the conflict between the communist government of North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and the anti-communist government of South Vietnam, backed by the United States. U.S. involvement escalated under Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, with the latter significantly increasing troop levels and military action in response to the Viet Cong threat and the perceived need to curb the spread of communism based on the 'domino theory' [1][6].

Ultimately, the war culminated with the United States withdrawing its forces in 1973, leading to South Vietnam's fall to North Vietnam in 1975. The debate over responsibility encompasses U.S. policy decisions, as well as the ambitions of North Vietnamese leadership [2][3].

Who was responsible for the Vietnam War?

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