China’s ageing map: concentrated, rural, and unevenly supported

Study-period evidence: Ageing was strongest along the Yangtze and next-highest in eastern coastal provinces.

Study-period evidence: Xinjiang and Qinghai had the lowest ageing concentrations, partly reflecting sparse populations and smaller older shares.

Study-period evidence: Ageing increasingly clustered and broadly aligned with economic development, but the supplied evidence gives no measured centre trajectory.

Study-period evidence: Ageing was more advanced in rural areas than urban areas and was progressing faster there.

Study-period evidence: Care resources were generally stronger in the east and south, yet major cities still faced per-capita shortages.