Mountains are formed primarily through the movement of tectonic plates, which can lead to folding, faulting, and volcanic activity. When plates collide, they can buckle and fold, creating fold mountains like the Himalayas. Volcanic activity occurs when magma rises through the Earth's crust, resulting in volcanic mountains. Additionally, fault-block mountains form when blocks of Earth's crust are uplifted or tilted along fault lines due to tectonic stress.
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