How do jokes about stereotypes work?

 title: 'Psychology behind the unfunny consequences of jokes that denigrate'

Jokes about stereotypes can serve as both humorous and harmful social tools. They can be viewed as relatable exaggerations, acting as comedic shorthand or cultural icebreakers that facilitate conversations. However, they can also reinforce negative stereotypes and create discomfort among marginalized groups[2][5]. Disparagement humor, which often targets specific social groups, can lead to the normalization of prejudice and discrimination, particularly when the joke is perceived as a reflection of hostility rather than humor[1][3].

The effectiveness and reception of these jokes often depend on who delivers them. Jokes told by individuals belonging to the targeted group can be seen as less offensive and more humorous than those told by outsiders, as the audience may interpret the intention behind the joke differently[4][5].

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The Significance of 3D Scanning Technology

'a machine with a blueprint on the screen'
title: '3D Scanning Technology - The Present Scenario and Future Expectations' and caption: 'a machine with a blueprint on the screen'

3D scanning technology has emerged as a transformative tool across various industries, offering unique capabilities for measuring and digitizing physical objects. This report outlines the importance of 3D scanning, its functionalities, applications, and future potential.

Defining 3D Scanning

3D scanning involves capturing an object's shape and appearance to create digital 3D models. This technology utilizes sensors such as lasers or structured light to obtain precise measurements from the object, forming a 'point cloud' that represents its surface. Following this, the point cloud data is processed to create a mesh model, which can then be textured for realism. The entire process enhances the accuracy and efficiency of creating 3D representations of physical items and is essential for tasks requiring detailed geometric data[1][4].

Versatile Applications Across Industries

3D Scanner
title: '3D Scanner' and caption: 'a robot looking at a laptop'

3D scanning has found applications in numerous fields, including entertainment, medicine, architecture, and engineering. In the movie and video game industries, 3D scanning allows artists to create lifelike characters and props efficiently compared to traditional modeling techniques[1][5]. It is similarly beneficial in the medical sector, where it aids in the design of prosthetics and implants, enhancing the fit and comfort for patients while accelerating production processes through 3D printing technologies[1].

In architecture, 3D scanning provides accurate measurements and visualizations of buildings, allowing architects to create detailed designs and perform reverse engineering to improve existing structures[1][2]. The technology also plays a crucial role in the construction and engineering sectors for site modeling and quality control, enabling iterative improvements in design and craftsmanship[2][5].

Technological Advancements and Integration

Hexagon’s handheld 3D scanning devices
title: 'Hexagon’s handheld 3D scanning devices' and caption: 'a woman in an orange vest using a machine'

Modern advancements in technology have significantly enhanced the functionality and ease of use of 3D scanning equipment. Contemporary scanners can deliver high-quality data with minimal operator expertise, transforming 3D scanning from a specialized task into an integral part of the design and manufacturing workflow[2]. The integration of 3D scanning data into generative design processes helps engineers to optimize creations from the outset, ultimately improving the quality of the final parts while reducing rework and material waste[2].

Moreover, with the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI), 3D scanning can facilitate real-time data analysis and decision-making, significantly augmenting manufacturing processes. AI systems can leverage intricate data provided by 3D scans to refine algorithms used in production, enhancing accuracy and efficiency[2][5].

Historical Context and Evolution

The journey of 3D scanning technology began in the late 1980s when the first imaging triangulation systems were installed for industrial applications. Early systems primarily focused on surface inspection and comparative measurements but required significant manual intervention. Over time, the technology has matured into a user-friendly solution capable of adapting to various industrial needs[3]. The rise of high-definition 3D scanners has revolutionized cultural heritage conservation, archaeology, and paleontology, enabling the detailed documentation of artifacts and structures without physical contact[3].

Challenges and Limitations

Despite its advantages, there are challenges associated with 3D scanning technology. Environmental factors, such as lighting conditions, can significantly impact the quality of scans. Additionally, there is a need for adequate training to utilize the technology effectively, which ensures accurate results[5]. While 3D scanning systems have become more portable and easier to use, they still face constraints regarding size, scanning time, and the costs associated with high-performance devices[5].

Looking Ahead

The future of 3D scanning appears promising as the technology continues to evolve. With projections indicating consistent growth in the market, more sectors are likely to realize the benefits of incorporating 3D scanning into their processes. The integration of advanced AI with 3D scanning systems holds the potential to enhance data accuracy further, facilitate better inspection processes, and ultimately streamline production workflows[4][5].

In conclusion, 3D scanning technology is not merely a tool for creating digital models; it is a catalyst for innovation across multiple industries. Its ability to provide precise measurements, facilitate rapid prototyping, and inform design decisions underscores its significance in today's technological landscape. As the technology advances, its applications will undoubtedly expand, offering even greater efficiency and accuracy in capturing the physical world.


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What is SearchGPT by Open AI?

Vector illustration of the ChatGPT logo.

SearchGPT by OpenAI is a new AI-powered search engine currently in its prototype stage, accessible to a limited number of users and publishers. It is designed to provide quick and direct answers to queries using information gleaned from the web, presented in a conversational format with real-time updates. Users enter their questions into a textbox, and SearchGPT offers responses that include clickable links for source attribution and options for follow-up questions[2][3][4]. This prototype utilizes models from the GPT-4 family, aiming to enhance search capabilities while allowing publishers to manage how their content is displayed in results. The service is free during its initial launch, though OpenAI plans to explore monetization options later[1][2].

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Does pCTR impact over time?

Yes, pCTR does impact over time. The propensity for users to click on ads can increase, which suggests that the predicted click-through rate (pCTR) would also rise. If the actual user behavior aligns with these predictions, the pCTR may remain stable, indicating that the system's expectations are accurate[1].

Additionally, the challenge arises with older pages accumulating more clicks over time, potentially leading to staleness. This situation can affect the freshness of search results, as newer pages start with fewer clicks. Therefore, accommodating for this click accumulation is essential for ensuring a relevant set of results[2].


How did "ChatGPT" change the landscape of conversational AI?


Brantome's Encounters: Courtly Favor, Duels, and Political Intrigue

Early Life and Courtly Beginnings

Pierre de Bourdeille, Abbot and Lord of Brantome, born in 1542, experienced courtly life from an early age[1]. He was brought up in early youth at the Court of Queen Margaret of Navarre and was later presented by Henry II to the Abbey of Brantome in 1556[1]. Such resources enabled him to travel in Italy (1557-8), where he witnessed several combats, and was present in Rome (1559) at the interregnum following the death of Paul IV[1].

Service and Access to Power

Brantome's connections and experiences allowed him access to the French Royal Court[1]. Returning to Paris, he became attached to the Court (1559-60) as an adherent of the Guises, the Duke Francis being related to his unfortunate uncle, La Chastaigneraye, so often mentioned in the Duelling Stories[1]. In 1567, at the call of Charles IX, he assisted in raising forces against the Huguenots and fought at St. Denis, occupied Chartres with his troops, and subsequently held Peronne, which, it appears, he refused to betray in spite of tempting offers made to him by his friend Theligny, on behalf of the Prince de Conde and Chatillon, a fidelity for which he was rewarded by a post in the Royal Household as Gentleman of the Bedchamber to the Duke of Orleans (afterwards Henry III), with a salary of six hundred livres[1].

Duels and Personal Involvement

Brantome's acquaintance with duels goes beyond mere observation; he was deeply immersed in understanding their intricacies[1]. His attention had long since been drawn in numerous discussions among specialists to the question of courtesies as practiced in duels—ought they to be allowed, or ought the rigour of the law to prevail[1]? Attheclose of1574 Brantome and hisbrother the Vicomte were employed tonegotiate terms with the Huguenot party under La Noue[1].

Ethical Quandaries and Limited Morality

Brantome’s work also displays a detachment from moral problems, particularly regarding duels[1]. His quasi-religious reflections, mainly ornamental, remind us that all this“Sacrement deI’assassinat,” ashisFrench editor calls it, belongs toareally pious and Christian age, orwhat would beso,but forthose Huguenot abominations[1]. He hasthe orthodox eulogies for heroes oftheold-fashioned School ofBayard, butherecounts with unruffled cheerfulness anecdote afteranecdote ofartful andcold-blooded assassination thinly disguised byafew artificial formalities[1].

Political Entanglements and Factions

Brantome lived during a time of complex political factions and religious civil wars, acknowledging that France was struggling through dark and stormy phases[1]. He served (1562-3) at the taking of Blois and the sieges of Bourges, Rouen, and Orleans, where Francis, Duke of Guise (the brother of Brantome’s first patron) was assassinated[1]. Being attached to the Court of Henry III, Brantome, residing in the Rue de Crenelle, was a witness of the quarrel between his relative Bussy and M. de St Fal[1]. After this date he does not appear to have been mixed up in any affair of importance, and after the death of themuch-abused Queen Catherine in 1583 he appeared little at Court, having, it would seem, damaged hisposition by aninjudicious advocacy oftheclaims ofhisfriend Marguerite de Valois, which hesupported indefiance oftheSalic law[1].

Later Life and Reflections

Late in life, as we learn from the opening pages of the Rodomontades Espagnolles, he was for a long period disabled by a fall from a white horse, of “ill-omened colour,” which rolled upon him, causing aserious injury, at last relieved by afamous physician, M. Christophle[1]. His curious anecdotes of Spanish bravado and artificial witticism were put together during his convalescence[1]. He died ataripeoldagein1614[1].


Top Bug Repellents for Outdoor Enthusiasts

Jungle Formula Maximum Pump Spray
Jungle Formula Maximum Pump Spray

This spray contains 50% DEET, offers up to nine hours of protection, and has a pleasant scent compared to typical high-DEET sprays[1].

£9.00

Repel 100

A compact option with 98% DEET, known for its strong effectiveness against mosquitoes, although it has a potent smell[2].


Sawyer Picaridin Insect Repellent

A well-regarded formula that is effective for up to 14 hours without leaving a greasy residue or strong odor[3][7].


OFF! Active Insect Repellent
OFF! Active Insect Repellent

This aerosol spray is praised for its ease of application and lasting effectiveness, suitable for various outdoor situations[3].

$39.00

Coleman SkinSafe with IR3535

This repellent offers effectiveness similar to DEET but with a lower odor profile, suitable for families and users who prefer lower toxicity options[2][3].


Thermacell MR450

A portable insect repellent device that does not require skin application, effective for creating a mosquito-free zone while camping or sitting outdoors[2][5].


Incognito Insect Repellent
Incognito Insect Repellent

A natural DEET-free option made from essential oils, known for being gentle on sensitive skin while still effective for several hours[2][8].

£13.00

Murphy’s Naturals Mosquito Repellent Wipes
Murphy’s Naturals Mosquito Repellent Wipes

Convenient wipes made from natural ingredients, offering a mild scent and effective protection while being easy to pack[7][11].

$11.00

OFF! FamilyCare Clean Feel

This picaridin-based repellent is designed for families, providing a non-greasy feel and safe protection for children[10].


PureEssence Lemon Eucalyptus Repellent

A plant-based repellent leveraging oil of lemon eucalyptus (PMD) for effective bite protection without harsh chemicals[11].


Superdrug Buzz Off Extra Strength Insect Repellent

Contains 27.5% DEET, effective for about four hours, and features a stylish design[1].


A.Vogel Neem Herbal Insect Repellent Spray
A.Vogel Neem Herbal Insect Repellent Spray

A DEET-free option that uses neem oil to repel insects while being suitable for sensitive skin[1].

£5.59

Boots Repel Maximum 50% DEET and PMD
Boots Repel Maximum 50% DEET and PMD

A roll-on version that provides targeted application without the risk of overspray, ideal for sensitive areas[1].

£4.40

Repel Plant-Based Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent

Offers effective coverage but requires thorough application for full protection[11].


Off! Deep Woods Insect Repellent V Aerosol
OFF! Deep Woods Insect Repellent V

A strong formula with 25% DEET, designed for extended outdoor activities, with a reputation for effectiveness[4][10].


Treated Clothing with Permethrin

When treated properly, clothing provides a durable barrier against ticks and mosquitoes, recommended for extended outdoor activities[5][10].


ThermaCell E55 Rechargeable Mosquito Repeller

An easy-to-use device ideal for outdoor gatherings, using a rechargeable battery for mosquito-free enjoyment[7][10].


Avon Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Picaridin

Known for its moisturizing properties while providing effective protection against insects[10][11].


Bugs Away Gift Set
Bugs Away Gift Set

An eco-friendly insect protection gift set that includes a citronella candle and natural repellents, suitable for outdoor settings[8].


Xpel Mosquito & Insect Repellent Wipes
Xpel Mosquito & Insect Repellent Wipes

Handy for traveling, these wipes repurpose natural oils while providing insect protection[8].


Natrapel Tick & Insect Repellent
Natrapel Tick & Insect Repellent

This picaridin formula is effective against mosquitoes and ticks, providing long-lasting protection without the heavy feel[7].

$26.00

Ranger Ready Tick & Insect Repellent
Ranger Ready Tick & Insect Repellent

Features a convenient squeeze-style nozzle, effective against both mosquitoes and ticks[9][11].

$21.00

Coleman Botanicals Insect Repellent Spray

Offers a natural alternative with lemon eucalyptus oil, providing coverage without the use of DEET[10].


Jungle Formula Dry Protect
Jungle Formula Dry Protect

A non-greasy formula that provides seven hours of protection without a sticky residue[1].

£8.85


How do you choose ripe avocados?

 title: 'How to Buy a Good Avocado: 10 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow'

To choose ripe avocados, gently squeeze the fruit; a ripe avocado should feel slightly soft yet firm, similar to the flesh of your palm when making a fist. Avoid avocados that are too mushy or show bruising, as they may be overripe[1][2].

Additionally, pay attention to the color of the skin—ripe avocados typically have a dark green or blackish tone. Checking the stem is also helpful; if it easily pops off, it indicates ripeness. Smelling the avocado can provide an extra clue; a pleasant, nutty aroma suggests it is ready to eat[2].

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