100

Why do onions make you cry, and how can you stop it?

Ever wondered why chopping onions turns your eyes into waterfalls? Discover the chain reaction that starts with cell damage and ends in a full-blown tear reflex[1].

  • Why Do Onions Make You Cry? Enzymes, Treatments & More
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Step 1: Slicing an onion ruptures its cells, releasing enzymes that mix with stored sulfur compounds. This reaction produces propanethial S-oxide, the volatile gas that makes your eyes water[1][3].

  • Infographic on the chemistry of onions. As onions are sliced, they release a class of enzymes, allinases, which break down amino acid sulfoxides. A specific compound produced during this process is 1-propenesulfenic acid. 1-propenesulfenic acid is rearranged by another enzyme, called lachrymatory factor synthase, to produce syn-propanethial-S-oxide. Production of this gas peaks 30 seconds after mechanical damage to the onion, and it stimulates sensory neurons in the eye causing a stinging sensat
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Step 2: When this gas reaches your eyes, it reacts with the tear film to form a mild acid. This irritates your corneal nerves and triggers the tear reflex as your body tries to flush the irritant out[3].

  • Onion gas causing eyes to burn
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Prevention Tip #1: Wearing goggles is the most effective method—it physically blocks the irritant from reaching your eyes. A fan blowing the vapors away also works wonders by dispersing the gas before it strikes you[4][7]

  • A pair of black and green rimmed glasses lined with a layer of foam sits on a cutting board next to chopped onion
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Prevention Tip #2: Using a very sharp knife minimizes cell damage, reducing the amount of gas released. Pre-chilling your onions slows enzymatic reactions, further cutting down on the tear-inducing effect[10][9]

  • The Best Chef’s Knife, Tested and Reviewed
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Which method surprised you most? Reply with your onion-cutting hacks and share how you keep those tears at bay!

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100

The brief history of electric mobility in under two minutes

Audio

Transcript

Welcome to our quick journey through the history of electric mobility in under two minutes. The story begins in the early 1830s when a Scottish inventor built a crude electric carriage, sparking the imagination of innovators around the world. Rechargeable lead acid batteries, invented in 1859 by a French scientist, opened the door to more practical electric vehicles. By the late 1800s, inventors in Britain and America were designing electric carriages that not only impressed at exhibitions but even set early speed records. In the early 1900s, electric taxis and family cars became popular in city centers for their smooth, quiet rides and ease of operation. However, with the introduction of the electric starter and the affordable, mass-produced gasoline-powered Model T, electric vehicles gradually fell out of favor. The oil crises of the later decades rekindled interest in alternative energy solutions. In recent years, advanced battery technology and innovative designs from companies like Tesla and Nissan have propelled electric mobility back into the spotlight, paving the way for a sustainable future. Thank you for joining this brief look at the evolution of electric vehicles. Drive safe and charge on!

100

General Motors Milford Proving Ground

Transcript

General Motors Milford Proving Ground, the world's oldest dedicated vehicle testing facility, has been a hub of innovation for 100 years, where rigorous testing simulates extreme weather and dynamic road conditions using nearly 150 miles of road and over 4000 acres. This iconic landmark has been the birthplace of standout automotive innovations, including automatic transmissions, catalytic converters, and advanced safety tests that profoundly shaped the auto industry. More than 7,000 employees, retirees, and families gathered at Milford to honor its 100th anniversary, celebrating its evolution from military testing during the war years to pioneering autonomous driving technology.

What was the guaranteed speed of the Destroyer built for the Tsar?

Space: The Outlaws Of The Air

100

Digital Innovations in Vehicle Booking

What percentage of car rentals in Europe are booked online? 📲
Difficulty: Easy
Which company focuses on sustainable transportation solutions in the car rental market? 🌱
Difficulty: Medium
What is the expected CAGR of the Europe Car Rental Market during the forecast period (2025 - 2035)? 📈
Difficulty: Hard

100

Flexibility and Convenience in Urban Mobility

Flexibility is becoming important to tourists meaning that short-term rentals are getting more popular.
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Urbanization continues to grow across European cities, pushing consumers towards car rental solutions.
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Consumers prefer renting vehicles for short trips rather than owning them.
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Self-Driven rentals have gained popularity among tourists and business travelers seeking flexibility and independence.
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Chauffeur-Driven services appeal to corporate clients and high-end consumers who prioritize convenience and luxury.
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100

What was the purpose of the "Pharos"?

 title: 'BIG SWANKIE FINDS MORE THAN HE EXPECTED.— PAGE 9.'

The 'Pharos' was a temporary floating lightship that was prepared and anchored near the Bell Rock[1]. The purpose of the 'Pharos' was to act as a depot, rendezvous, and guide to the three smaller vessels employed in the work, and as a light to shipping[1].

The 'Pharos' served as a home to the men while they worked on constructing the lighthouse, as they were not allowed to go ashore to the mainland[1].

100

Early lighthouse technology

One of the most important changes in Lighthouse apparatus was, unquestionably, the introduction of Revolving Lights at the Tour de Corduan about the year 1780.
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The characteristics of the two systems of illumination by Reflection and Refraction may be briefly described as follows
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Those two systems of illumination possess advantages and defects peculiar to each.
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The introduction of lenticular apparatus into Lighthouses has been the last great improvement effected intheir illumination
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The introduction ofRevolving Lights attheTour deCorduan about theyear 1780…greatly extended themeans ofdistinguishing onelight from another
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Space: Account Of The Skerryvore Lighthouse by Allan Stevenson 1848

100

When was the first electric lighthouse?

Why were lightships invented and where were they first used?

 title: 'THE BEACON FIRE.'

Lightships were invented because there are many parts of coasts that are unsuitable for lighthouse construction[253].

Robert Hamblin and David Avery combined resources to establish a floating light at The Nore, and subsequently levied a toll for its maintenance[254]. It was first used at The Nore, according to The Lighthouses and Lightships document[254].