Menschen mit Behinderungen in Österreich 11 von 202 als auch ohne Behinderungen, die öffentliche Verkehrsmittel seltener als einmal im Monat oder nie nutzten, gab als Grund dafür an, keinen Bedarf zu haben. Nutzung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie Der Anteil jener, die in den drei Monaten vor der Befragung das Internet genutzt hatten, betrug unter Personen mit Behinderungen 90,5 % und unter Personen ohne Behinde- rungen 95,5 %. In beiden Gruppen hatte 100 % der 16 bis 24-Jährigen das Internet genutzt. Bei Personen im Haupterwerbsalter waren es 96,8 %, wobei Personen mit starken Aktivitätseinschränkungen mit 88,7 % eine etwas niedrigere Nutzungsrate aufwiesen als Personen, die etwas bei Alltagsaktivitäten eingeschränkt waren oder ohne Behinderungen lebten. E-Government-Services nutzten Personen ohne Behinderungen zu 77,2 %, Personen, die etwas bei Alltagsaktivitäten eingeschränkt waren, zu 70,0 % und Personen mit starken Einschränkungen zu 56,4 %. 52,9 % der E-Government-Nutzer:innen mit und 63,0 % der Nutzer:innen ohne Behinderungen hatten keine Probleme bei der Inanspruchnahme dieser Angebote, wobei dieser Anteil bei Personen mit starken Aktivitätseinschränkungen mit 48,5 % niedriger war. Die große Mehrheit aller Personen sowohl mit als auch ohne Behinderungen, die E-Government-Angebote nicht nutzten, gab an, keinen Bedarf daran zu haben. Zeitverwendung Menschen mit Behinderungen verbrachten 2021/2022 pro Tag durchschnittlich etwas mehr als 9 Stunden mit Schlafen, 6 Stunden und 13 Minuten für soziale Kontakte und Frei- zeit sowie jeweils etwas mehr als 3 Stunden mit Essen und anderen persönlichen Tätig- keiten (wie etwa Körperpflege) bzw. Sorgearbeit in Haushalt und Familie. Erwerbstätigkeit nahm durchschnittlich 1 Stunde und 45 Minuten in Anspruch, Aus- und Weiterbildung eine Viertelstunde. Bei Personen ohne Behinderungen waren dies 3 Stunden und 18 Minuten für Erwerbstätigkeit und etwas mehr als eine dreiviertel Stunde für Aus- und Weiterbildung. Alleinlebende Menschen mit Behinderungen waren im Durchschnitt etwas über 10 Stun- den pro Tag allein, in Mehrpersonenhaushalten wohnhafte 5 Stunden pro Tag. Zu Hause verbrachten Menschen mit Behinderungen im Durchschnitt 19 Stunden pro Tag, wobei jüngere Menschen etwas weniger und ältere Menschen etwas mehr zuhause waren.
12 von 202 Menschen mit Behinderungen in Österreich Menschen ohne Behinderungen verbrachten mit durchschnittlich 16 Stunden und 38 Mi- nuten weniger Zeit zuhause. Für Wege von einem Ort zu einem anderen wendeten Menschen mit Behinderungen durchschnittlich 42 Minuten pro Tag auf, wobei es erheb- liche Unterschiede zwischen den Altersgruppen gab: 1 Stunde 2 Minuten bei der jüngsten standen hier 27 Minuten bei der ältesten gegenüber. Zufriedenheit, Wohlbefinden und Diskriminierung Gefragt nach ihrer Zufriedenheit in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen hatten Menschen mit Behinderungen 2024 im Durchschnitt den höchsten Zufriedenheitswert im Bereich „per- sönliche Beziehungen“, gefolgt von der Zufriedenheit mit der Wohnsituation. Mit der finanziellen Situation waren Menschen mit Behinderungen im Durchschnitt weniger zufrieden. Menschen mit Behinderungen stuften ihre Zufriedenheit in allen abgefragten Lebensbereichen im Durchschnitt niedriger ein als Menschen ohne Behinderungen. Menschen mit Behinderungen gaben häufiger als Menschen ohne Behinderungen an, immer bzw. meistens Einsamkeit, Wut, Angst und auch Traurigkeit oder Depressionen zu verspüren. Gleichzeitig fühlten sie sich zu einem geringeren Anteil „immer“ bzw. „meis- tens“ glücklich. Umgekehrt nahmen Menschen ohne Behinderungen öfter Zeitdruck wahr und artikulierten häufiger den Wunsch nach mehr Zeit für sich selbst sowie für die Familie. Menschen mit Behinderungen berichteten 2024 häufiger von Diskriminierung in den letzten zwölf Monaten als Menschen ohne Behinderungen. Am häufigsten erlebten Menschen mit Behinderungen dabei Diskriminierung im Kontakt mit Behörden oder beim Besuch öffentlicher Einrichtungen (11,8 %) sowie im öffentlichen Raum (10,1 %). Unter jenen, die in den letzten fünf Jahren auf Wohnungssuche waren, erfuhren 6,3 % dabei Diskriminierung. Im Kontakt mit Schulen, Universitäten oder Fachhochschulen lag der Anteil bei 6,2 %.
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Summary
This report builds on the first report of the pilot project to establish a data infrastructure
for periodical statistics on disability and participation. It documents the living conditions of
persons with disabilities in Austria using data from multiple population and household
surveys conducted by Statistics Austria. With reference to the first report, data sources
have been updated as well as expanded, as the GALI question (Global Activity Limitation
Indicator) has been newly included in some surveys as a proxy variable for disability. The
GALI question is one of several ways of approaching the complex issue of disability in
surveys. Although the use of GALI is associated with certain limitations, it makes it
possible to identify people who have been experiencing health-related limitations in their
usual activities for a long time and whose level of participation is therefore reduced.
Demographic Factors
In 2024, approximately 1 891 600 people aged 15 to 89 with disabilities lived in Austria’s
private households, which corresponded to 24.7% of the population. Burgenland had the
highest share of people with disabilities, Tyrol the lowest. 32.3% of people with disabilities
lived in densely populated areas or cities, 29.4% in areas with medium population density,
and the largest fraction of 38.3% lived in sparsely populated rural areas.
The share of persons with disabilities within the population rose continuously with age. At
52.4%, the share of women among persons with disabilities was slightly higher than
among the total population (50.9%). Austrian nationals lived more often with disabilities
than persons of foreign nationality. 25.8% of persons without a migration background and
21.7% of persons with a migration background lived with disabilities.
In 2024, 51.0% of people with disabilities were married or living in a registered partner-
ship. 23.8% were single and 12.8% were widowed. The share of divorced persons was
12.4%. Three out of ten persons with disabilities lived alone in a single-person household.
35.8% belonged to the “couples without children” household type and a further 21.6% to
the “couples with children” type.
14 von 202 Menschen mit Behinderungen in Österreich Housing Among all persons living in owner-occupied houses or flats in 2024, the share of persons with disabilities was 22.4% and 20.3% respectively. Their share was higher among tenants of municipal flats (37.9%) and cooperative housing (27.5%). Persons with disabilities tended to live in smaller households than persons without disabilities. In 2024, people with disabilities paid on average slightly lower rents than people without limitations in everyday activities. Nevertheless, housing costs were perceived as a greater burden by people with disabilities. For over a third (35.2%), these costs constituted a heavy financial burden. The largest burden of housing costs was found for people with disabilities living in single-parent households. The majority of the population with disabili- ties (92.4%) lived in dwellings of the best equipment category (A) in 2024. The highest share of housing problems (damp, noise pollution, etc.) occurred among tenants of muni- cipal flats. Here, 62.8% of persons with disabilities were affected by housing problems. Education In 2024, the largest percentage of people with disabilities had completed an apprentice- ship as their highest level of education (37.2%), while further 29.7% had completed compulsory schooling at most. These shares were lower among people without disabili- ties, whereas their shares were higher than among people with disabilities with regard to qualifications above the “Matura” (qualification for university entrance). In 2024, people with disabilities were less likely than people without disabilities to parti- cipate in formal as well as in non-formal education or training, however for formal trainings, this was mainly due to the low shares of people with severe activity limitations. Informal learning activities were less common for people with severe activity limitations; however, learning with the aid of electronic devices was still the most frequently used method of informal learning. People with disabilities who used education-related information and advisory services during the reference period were less likely than people without disabilities to receive these services from employers or educational institutions, but more likely to receive them from the Public Employment Service (AMS). 11.1 % of people with disabilities had an unrealized wish for further training, mainly due to “other personal reasons” and health issues.
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Employment
Among the approximately 4.5 million people in employment aged 15 to 89 living in private
households in 2024, a total of 13.5% lived with disabilities. Among blue collar workers, this
share was 18.7%, among white collar workers 11.6%, and among contract workers in
public services and civil servants 14.4%. 14.8% of self-employed people lived with disabi-
lities. The employment rate of people with disabilities (54.1%) was lower than for people
without disabilities (78.7%). For women with disabilities, it was 4.7 percentage points
lower than for men with disabilities. In Upper Austria, the employment rate for people
with disabilities was highest (58.7%) and it was lowest in Vienna (48.3%). At 9.1%, the
unemployment rate for people with disabilities was approximately twice as high as that
for the comparison group without disabilities (4.5%).
Employed persons with disabilities were slightly more likely to work part-time (35.2%)
than employed persons without disabilities (29.3%). For both groups, the most important
reasons for working part-time were not wanting to work full-time and caring for children
or relatives. For persons with disabilities, health factors also played a major role.
Measured by the duration of employment at the time of the survey, employed persons
with disabilities had more stable employment relations than employed persons without
disabilities. However, persons with disabilities spent on average more than twice as long
looking for employment as persons without disabilities. People with disabilities had most
often found their jobs through personal contacts, followed by responding to job
advertisements.
Income, Poverty, Deprivation
The equivalent net household income of persons with disabilities averaged 34 572 Euro
per year in 2024, approximately 5 000 Euro less than that of persons without disabilities.
For persons with disabilities, the net household income was highest (39 810 Euro) when
they were part of a couple without children and lowest (23 049 Euro) when they lived in
single-parent households. 17.7% of persons with disabilities were in the lowest of three
income groups, while only 5.6% of persons with disabilities were found in the highest
income group. 14.9% of persons with disabilities reported a loss of income in the previous
twelve months. They named job loss or retirement as the most common reasons for this
loss. Overall, 18.8% of persons with disabilities found it difficult or very difficult to make
ends meet with their available net household income.
16 von 202 Menschen mit Behinderungen in Österreich In 2024, social and material deprivation affected persons with disabilities more often (12.9%) than persons without disabilities (4.8%), but there were significant differences depending on the household composition. Among persons with disabilities living in single- parent households, this share was almost one third (31.5%), while among those living exclusively with a partner (without children), it was merely 6.3%. 21.5% of persons with disabilities were at risk of poverty or social exclusion in 2024. 16.7% expected their current financial situation to improve in the following year. Access to Services In 6.8% of all households at least one person was in need of care services or everyday assistance in 2024. Only 1.2% of the households without a member living with disabilities reported such a need, but 13.7% of households with at least one person with health- related activity limitations did. However, less than three in ten households requiring care received professional help from mobile care services or home help in 2024. Almost half of the households with at least one person with health-related activity limitations that received these services carried the entire costs themselves. 38.3 % paid for part of the costs themselves. 27.1% of those households found it difficult or very difficult to afford these costs. In 2024, 11.6% of people with disabilities and 17.6% of people without disabilities used public transport every day. Conversely, fewer people without disabilities (31.0%) than people with disabilities (43.8%) never used public transport. In all three settlement types (cities, small towns or suburbs, and rural areas), a higher share of people with disabilities than those without disabilities never used public transport. More than half of all people with as well as without disabilities who used public transport less than once a month or never stated that they had no need to do so. Use of Information and Communication Technologies The share of those who had used the internet in the three months prior to the survey was 90.5% among persons with disabilities and 95.5% among persons without disabilities. In both groups, 100% of 16- to 24-year-olds had used the internet. Among persons of main working age, this figure was 96.8%, with persons with severe activity limitations having a slightly lower usage rate (88.7%) than persons who were somewhat limited in their every- day activities or lived without disabilities.