
Your phone's battery percentage can drop quickly or jump suddenly due to its reliance on estimates of the State of Charge (SoC), which considers voltage curves, load, temperature, and calibration. Battery management systems typically use open-circuit voltage (OCV) and coulomb counting to gauge remaining power, but factors like battery aging and voltage non-linearity can lead to inaccuracies. For instance, variations in temperature can affect readings and cause the percentage to fluctuate unpredictably[1][3].
Common behaviors contributing to unstable estimates are colder weather, where battery performance diminishes, and battery aging, which reduces capacity and affects readings[1][6]. Additionally, background spikes in app activity can also drain power unexpectedly, further complicating the estimation of your battery's remaining life[6].
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