A novel is considered a classic if it demonstrates a level of quality that allows it to endure through time and remain relevant across generations. Classics often address universal themes—such as love, morality, and human struggle—providing insight that continues to resonate with readers [2][5][6]. Italo Calvino posits that a classic is a book that never exhausts what it has to say to its readers, continually offering fresh perspectives upon each reading [1][6].

Additionally, classics frequently reflect the cultural backdrop of their time, influencing and being influenced by societal norms and values [3][5]. Their ability to evoke deep emotional responses and inspire critical discourse contributes to their lasting significance in literature [4][6].

Italo Calvino’s 14 Criteria for What Makes a Classic

What makes a novel a classic?

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