Key Components: BM25, Relevance Scoring, Term Frequency, Document Length, Inverse Document Frequency.

BM25 ranks documents based on query terms' frequency.

Inverse Document Frequency measures a term's importance across documents.

Document Length Normalization ensures fair scoring for documents of varying lengths.

BM25 adjusts for long documents to avoid inflated scores.

BM25 includes customizable parameters for fine-tuning relevance scores.