Migratory birds navigate long distances using a combination of internal maps, celestial patterns, and environmental cues. They integrate sensory information from the earth's magnetic field, olfactory signals, and visual landmarks to find their way [1][2]. The brain structures involved, such as the hippocampus and caudolateral nidopallium, help process these cues and resolve conflicting information [6]. Additionally, factors like the position of the night sky and changes in their environment, like snowmelt, play critical roles in their navigation [3].

How do migratory birds navigate long distances?

How do migratory birds navigate long distances?

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