HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) XXV
STRUCTURE OF REPORT
Chapter 4 provides information on key Health Indicators including Immunization, Diarrhoea, Child Mortality Rates and Pre & Post-Natal Consultations. It also offers informative insights into the Prevalence of Major Diseases such as Malaria, Tuberculosis, Dengue, Hepatitis etc. Seven SDG indicators related to Health have been included in this Chapter.
Chapter 5 gives an overview of the Population Welfare Indicators such as Marriages & Fertility, Awareness & Use of Family Planning Method s. It also covers two SDG indicators related to Population Welfare.
Chapter 6 explains the Housing and Water supply, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH) related indicators such as Housing Characteristics and WASH indicators such as Source of Drinking Water; Type of Sanitation System & Hygiene. It also covers eight SDG indicators related to Housing & WASH.
Chapter 7 informs about the Food Insecurity Experience S cale (FIES) indicators such as moderate and severe food insecurity among the population. It also covers one SDG indicators related to FIES.
Chapter 4
Health
Chapter 7
Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)
Chapter 5
Population Welfare Chapter 6
Housing and WASH
Annexures & Appendices
Annexure-A: Concepts & Definitions
Annexure-B: Reconstituted Technical Committee on PSLM & HIES
Annexure-C: Auto-Replacement Strategy for Field Operation of HIES (2024-25)
Annexure-D: Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Enumeration of HIES (2024-25)
Annexure-E: Methodology for Computing Consumption Quintiles
Annexure-F: List of 33 SDG Indicators being Reported through PSLM (District) & HIES (Provincial)
Survey Series
Appendix -I: Estimation Formulae
Appendix -II: Questionnaires (Male &Female)- HIES (2024-25)
HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) 1
INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION Background
PSLM Survey was initiated in 2004 as PSDP funded project and continued till 2015. Afterwards, PSLM has become regular activity of PBS. The PSLM Surveys were designed to provide Social & Economic indicators at Provincial level and Social Indicators at District level on the alternate years’ frequency. So far 15 Rounds of PSLM (District) and HIES (P rovincial) have been completed with last round PSLM (District) in 2019-20. Thereafter, all surveys undertaken by Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) including HIES & PSLM surveys, could not be launched due to engagement of PBS staff in the activities of the 7th Population &Housing Census, 2023. Wit h alternate years’ frequency, now 9th Round of Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES - Provincial), has been launched digitally for the first time during 2024 -25. HIES provides information on Income and Consumption through Economic Modules as well as updated data for Social Indicators through Social Modules of the Questionnaire at National and Provincial level with Urban / Rural Breakdown and by Consumption Quintiles. S eries of past Surveys in the PSLM(District) & HIES(Provincial) Survey series are: Seven Rounds of PSLM (District) Surveys have been completed -2004-05, 2006-07, 2008- 09, 2010-11, 2012-13, 2014-15 & 2019-20 Eight Rounds of HIES (Provincial) Surveys have been completed - 2004-05, 2005 -06, 2007-08, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2013-14, 2015-161 and 2018-19. Objectives of HIES:
HIES (Provincial) series is a tool for providing up to date data in respect of various socio-economic indicators, as referred in Table 1.1 with regional & gender disaggregation and also by consumption quintiles for some indicators. This updated data is used for the following objectives: Planning & Monitoring of Development Plans at National & Provincial level Monitoring & Tracking the progress of 31 Sustainable Development Goals
1 In 2015-16, special survey namely Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey (HIICS) was conducted to derive weights for Price Indices. This survey has also provided all information related to HIES
HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) 2
INTRODUCTION Estimation of Consumption-Based Poverty from HIES (Provincial)Survey series Used by Planners, Policy Makers, Researchers, Statisticians and National / International Organizations. Table 1.1: KEY SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS COVERED IN HIES (2024-25) Sr. No Sectors Covered in HIES 2024-25 Key Socio-Economic Indicators
Demographic Characteristics
Structure of the Population – By Region & Age Category
Average Household Size-By Province & Region
2
Education
Literacy Rates (10 Years & Older)
Out of School Children (Aged 5-16 Years)
GER (Primary, Middle & Matric)
NER (Primary, Middle & Matric)
Drop-out Rates (%)
3
Information & Communication
Technology (ICT)
Percentage of Households with Computers, Mobile/Smartphones &
Internet
Percentage of the Population (10 Years & Older) with Mobile /Smart
Phone Ownership
Percentage of the Population (10 Years & Older) Used the Internet in the
Last Three Months
Percentage of the Population (10 Years & Older) with ICT Skills
4
Health
Full Immunization (12-23 Months) Based on Record
Full Immunization (12-23 Months) Based on Recall & Record
Diarrhoea during the Last 15 Days for Children (Under 5 Years)
Diarrhoea Cases where ORS Given to Children (Under 5 Years)
Infant Mortality (Per 1,000 Live Births)
5
Population Welfare
Percentage of Women Ever Married (Aged 15-49)
Mean Number of Children Ever Born (For Women Aged 15-49 Years)
Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (For Women Aged 15-49 Years)
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
6
Water Sanitation & Hygiene
(WASH)
Main Source of Drinking Water (% Households)
Type of Toilets (% Households)
Type of Sanitation System (% Households)
7
Housing Characteristic
Main Fuel /Clean Fuel used for Cooking, Lighting & Heating
Households with Own Dwelling Units
8
Food Insecurity Experience Scale
Prevalence Rates of Food Insecurity
9
Household Income, Consumption
& Expenditure
Average Monthly Household Income by Region/Province & By
Quintiles
Average Monthly Household Consumption by Region/Province & By
Quintiles
10
Household Asset, Household Amenities
11
Saving & Liabilities
Important concepts & definitions, in this regard, are at Annexure-A.
HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) 3
INTRODUCTION Survey Methodology:
Comprehensive Survey Methodology was adopted to ensure the collection of quality data, having representativeness at National and Provincial level with Urban and Rural breakdown. This included Well-Designed Sampling Plan and Well - Planned Preparatory Activities for the successful launching of Field Operation of HIES (2024-25) including the Finalization of thoroughly reviewed HIES Q uestionnaires, Development of Tablet-Based Enumeration Application, Hand-on Practice Training Sessions, Quality Data Collection Digitally with Multi- Tiered Monitoring Strategies, Data Verification Processes and Analytical Techniques, to ensure accurate and reliable results . Detail of these processes is given in the subsequent sectio ns of this Chapter. Sampling Plan for HIES (2024-25) 1.4.1 Universe & Sampling Frame for HIES (2024-25) Universe
The Universe for Provincial Survey-HIES (2024-25) consists of all urban and rural areas of the
four provinces of Pakistan by including Islamabad (ICT) in Punjab, AJK & GB and by excluding
military restricted areas. However, results for the AJK and G.B have not been given in this report.
Sampling Frame:
Sampling Frame comprising 185,489 Enumeration B locks in respect of four provinces of
Pakistan including Islamabad (ICT) in Punjab and for AJK & GB, updated through 7th Population
& Housing Census 2023, has been used for sample selection of Provincial Survey -HIES (2024-
25). Each enumeration block is comprised of 200-250 houses on the average with well-defined
boundaries and maps. In urban areas, each enumeration block has been treated as PSU while in
rural areas, villages have been divided into blocks with well-defined boundaries & maps and each
separate block within village is considered as PSU.
Details regarding number of enumeration blocks in urban and rural areas of four provinces of the
country by including Islamabad (ICT) in Punjab and in AJK &GB, are given in the following
Table 1.2.
HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) 4
INTRODUCTION
1.4.2 Sample Design for HIES (2024-25):
Stratified Two-Stage Sample Design with following Stratification Plan in Urban & Rural domains
of the country has been adopted for the HIES (2024-25).
Urban Domain:
For Urban Domain, each Administrative Division for all four provinces has been considered as an
Independent Stratum.
Rural Domain:
For Rural Domain, each Administrative District in Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and
each Administrative Division in Balochistan, has been considered as an Independent Stratum.
Selection of Primary Sampling Units (PSUs):
Enumeration Blocks in both Urban and Rural domains have been taken as Primary Sampling Units
(PSUs). Sample PSUs from each ultimate stratum/sub-stratum have been selected with Probability
Proportional to Size (PPS) method of sampling scheme. In both Urban and Rural domains, the
number of households in an enumeration block has been taken as Measure of Size (MOS).
Selection of Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs):
The Households of Sample PSUs have been taken as Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs). For the
selection of SSUs, fresh listing has not been carried out for the HIES (2024-25) because the 7th
Population & Housing Census 2023 was recently conducted digitally with geotagging of each
household. Therefore, for efficient resource management, the same listing has been used for the
Table 1.2: NO. OF ENUMERATION BLOCKS (AS PER SAMPLING FRAME -2023)
(Updated through 7th Population and Housing Census -2023)
Province /Region
Urban
Rural
Total
Punjab
35295
60188
95483
Sindh
24252
19561
43813
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
3885
24988
28873
Balochistan
2596
9261
11857
Total
66028
113998
180026
AJK
693
3431
4124
Gilgit Baltistan (GB)
174
1165
1339
Grand Total
66895
118594
185489
HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) 5
INTRODUCTION
digital selection of 12 Households in the case of Urban and 16 Households in case of Rural Blocks,
using the Systematic Random Sampling technique by designing an algorithm for selection.
1.4.3 Sample Size and its Allocation:
Keeping in view the objectives of the survey, the sample size in respect of HIES (2024-25) for the
four provinces by including Islamabad (ICT) in Punjab, AJK & Gilgit Baltistan has been fixed at
2500 sample blocks (PSUs) comprising 1052 Urban and 1448 Rural Blocks comprising 35792
households (SSUs), which is expected to produce reliable results at provincial level with urban
and rural break down. For HIES (2024-25), the distribution plan of PSUs and SSUs by province and
region (fixed and covered along with the number of dropped blocks) is given in Table 1.3,
followed by the comparison of sample size profile with previous three Rounds of Provincial
Surveys – HIES (2018-19, 2015-16 &2013-14), in Table 1.4.
Table 1.3: SAMPLE SIZE PROFILE OF THE HIES (2024-25)
Province /Region
Fixed for Survey
Dropped
Blocks
Covered During Survey
Urba
Rur
l
Total
Urban
Rural
Total
PSUs/Blocks
Punjab
404
556
960
0
404
556
960
Sindh
272
324
596
1
271
324
595
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
184
252
436
29
184
223
407
Balochistan
100
160
260
69
82
109
191
Total
960
129
2252
99
941
1212
2153
AJK
40
68
108
03
40
65
105
Gilgit Baltistan(GB)
52
88
140
55
34
51
85
Total
92
156
248
58
74
116
190
Grand Total
1052
144
2500
157
1015
1328
2343
SSUs/Households
Punjab
4848
889
13744
4703 8780 13483 Sindh 3264 518 8448
3174 5153 8327 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2208 403 6240
2110 3497 5607 Balochistan 1200 256 3760
973 1733 2706 Total 11520 206 32192
10960 19163 30123 AJK 480 108 1568
463 1019 1482 Gilgit Baltistan(GB) 624 140 8 2032
401 808 1209 Total 1104 249 3600
864 1827 2691 Grand Total 12624 231 68 35792
11824
20990
32814
Note: Out of 2343 PSUs of all four provinces including Islamabad (ICT) in Punjab and Regions AJK & GB, 157 PSUs were dropped due
to administrative reason. Further,561 Non- Contacted / Refusal Households have been excluded from the covered SSUs/Households.
For the Estimation Formulae used for the computation of Sample Size, Sampling Weights and for the formulae of Totals, their Variances & Ratio Estimates,
Appendix -I is referred.
HIES 2024-25 (SOCIAL REPORT) 6
INTRODUCTION
Table 1.4::COMPARISON OF SAMPLE SIZE PROFILE WITH PREVIOUS (03) ROUNDS OF HIES
(PROVINCIAL SURVEY) SERIES
Provinces
HIES (2013-14)
HIES (2015-16)
HIES (2018-19)
Urban Rural
Total
Urban Rural
Total
Urban Rural
Total
PSUs
Punjab
282
287
569
482
215
697
350
500
850
Sindh
123
241
364
267
143
410
248
220
468
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
115
144
259
224
122
346
125
194
319
Balochistan
36
79
115
114
38
152
66
99
165
Total
556
751
1307
1087
518
1605
789
1013
1802
SSUs/HOUSEHOLDS
Punjab
3150
4447
7597
7181
3327
10508
3945
7836
11781
Sindh
1374
3837
5211
3912
2264
6176
2719
3497
6216
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1301
2221
3522
3322
1887
5209
1450
3035
4485
Balochistan
409
1250
1659
1740
605
2345
759
1568
2327
Total
6234
11755 17989
16155
8083
24238
8873
15936 24809
Preparatory Activities for Launching HIES (2024-25):
For smooth launching of the field operation of HIES(2024-25), preparatory activities were started
at the end of calendar year 2023 that included Reconstitution of Technical Committee on PSLM
/HIES; Review of HIES (2024-25) Questionnaire internally by the technical experts of PBS and
externally by the members of technical committee; Finalization of HIES (2024-25) Questionnaire,
Development of Manual of Instructions & Edit Checks, Development & Testing of Tablet based
Android Application; Organizing Trainings of Field Staff at Seven Training Venues, for imparting
hands-on practice training to the field staff, for digital data collection of HIES(2024-
25);Preparation of Data Collection Plan in coordination with the Field Services Teams of PBS and
ensuring quality data collection through the Development of Multi-Tiered Monitoring Strategies.
Details in respect of these processes have been mentioned below.
Field Operation of Provincial Survey- HIES (2024-25) was planned from July 2024, however
trainings were conducted in August 2024. Field work of HIES (2024-25) was started in September,
2024 and concluded in June 2025, by conducting data collection on quarterly basis. Fieldwork
Constraints and Data Limitations During the field operations of HIES (2024-25), certain
administrative and operational constraints were encountered in some areas, including Bahawalpur,