National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 31 na = not applicable; agency or agency subdivision did not exist as such. a The preliminary data available from the agencies for FY 2025 at the time of this report reflect mainly the annualized continuing resolution funding levels that existed through early March 2025, which were later extended by a continuing resolution to the end of FY 2025. b Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H) is an independent agency created by the Congress (P.L. 117-103) in mid-March 2022. The agency is recognized as part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget but reports to the Secretary of Health and Human Services. In the FY 2026 Presidential Budget Request, ARPA-H has been moved into the Assistant Secretary for a Healthy Future. c The FY 2026 Presidential Budget Request proposed funding according to a new organization plan for NIH that would fold the 27 institutes into 8 and move ARPA- H formally outside of NIH. This table identifies the existing institutes and centers for FYs 2024–25 and the proposed restructuring for FY 2026. Note(s): Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data. Source(s): Agencies' submissions to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) per MAX Schedule C, agencies' budget justification documents, supplemental data obtained from agencies' budget offices, and Executive Office of the President, OMB, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2026.
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 32 Table 19. Federal budget authority for Medicare (570) R&D and R&D plant: FYs 2024–26 (Millions of dollars and percent change) Budget function and agency 2024 actual ($millions) 2025 preliminarya ($millions) 2026 proposed ($millions) 2024–25 (% change) 2025–26 (% change) R&D and R&D plant 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Medicare (571) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Department of Health and Human Services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 R&D 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Medicare (571) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Department of Health and Human Services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 a The preliminary data available from the agencies for FY 2025 at the time of this report reflect mainly the annualized continuing resolution funding levels that existed through early March 2025, which were later extended by a continuing resolution to the end of FY 2025. Note(s): Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data. Source(s): Agencies' submissions to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) per MAX Schedule C, agencies' budget justification documents, supplemental data obtained from agencies' budget offices, and Executive Office of the President, OMB, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2026.
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 33 Table 20. Federal budget authority for Income security (600) R&D and R&D plant: FYs 2024–26 (Millions of dollars and percent change) Budget function and agency 2024 actual ($millions) 2025 preliminarya ($millions) 2026 proposed ($millions) 2024–25 (% change) 2025–26 (% change) R&D and R&D plant 95 94 95 -1.1 1.1 Other income security (609) 95 94 95 -1.1 1.1 Department of Health and Human Services 4 3 4 -25.0 33.3 Administration for Children and Families 4 3 4 -25.0 33.3 Social Security Administration 91 91 91 0.0 0.0 R&D 95 94 95 -1.1 1.1 Other income security (609) 95 94 95 -1.1 1.1 Department of Health and Human Services 4 3 4 -25.0 33.3 Administration for Children and Families 4 3 4 -25.0 33.3 Social Security Administration 91 91 91 0.0 0.0 a The preliminary data available from the agencies for FY 2025 at the time of this report reflect mainly the annualized continuing resolution funding levels that existed through early March 2025, which were later extended by a continuing resolution to the end of FY 2025. Note(s): Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data. Source(s): Agencies' submissions to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) per MAX Schedule C, agencies' budget justification documents, supplemental data obtained from agencies' budget offices, and Executive Office of the President, OMB, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2026.
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 34 Table 21. Federal budget authority for Veterans benefits and services (700) R&D and R&D plant: FYs 2024–26 (Millions of dollars and percent change) Budget function and agency 2024 actual ($millions) 2025 preliminarya ($millions) 2026 proposed ($millions) 2024–25 (% change) 2025–26 (% change) R&D and R&D plant 1,826 1,839 1,864 0.7 1.4 Hospital and medical care for veterans (703) 1,826 1,839 1,864 0.7 1.4 Department of Veterans Affairs 1,826 1,839 1,864 0.7 1.4 Medical and prosthetic research 943 935 943 -0.8 0.9 Medical services 837 845 850 1.0 0.6 Cost of War Toxic Exposures Fund 46 59 71 28.3 20.3 R&D 1,826 1,839 1,864 0.7 1.4 Hospital and medical care for veterans (703) 1,826 1,839 1,864 0.7 1.4 Department of Veterans Affairs 1,826 1,839 1,864 0.7 1.4 Medical and prosthetic research 943 935 943 -0.8 0.9 Medical services 837 845 850 1.0 0.6 Cost of War Toxic Exposures Fund 46 59 71 28.3 20.3 a The preliminary data available from the agencies for FY 2025 at the time of this report reflect mainly the annualized continuing resolution funding levels that existed through early March 2025, which were later extended by a continuing resolution to the end of FY 2025. Note(s): Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data. Source(s): Agencies' submissions to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) per MAX Schedule C, agencies' budget justification documents, supplemental data obtained from agencies' budget offices, and Executive Office of the President, OMB, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2026.
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 35 Table 22. Federal budget authority for Administration of justice (750) R&D and R&D plant: FYs 2024–26 (Millions of dollars and percent change) Budget function and agency 2024 actual ($millions) 2025 preliminarya ($millions) 2026 proposed ($millions) 2024–25 (% change) 2025–26 (% change) R&D and R&D plant 446 442 400 -0.9 -9.5 Federal law enforcement activities (751) 441 437 395 -0.9 -9.6 Department of Homeland Security 441 437 395 -0.9 -9.6 Federal correctional activities (753) 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 Department of Justice 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 Federal Prison System 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 Criminal justice assistance (754) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 R&D 385 381 335 -1.0 -12.1 Federal law enforcement activities (751) 380 376 330 -1.1 -12.2 Department of Homeland Security 380 376 330 -1.1 -12.2 Federal correctional activities (753) 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 Department of Justice 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 Federal Prison System 5 5 5 0.0 0.0 Criminal justice assistance (754) 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 a The preliminary data available from the agencies for FY 2025 at the time of this report reflect mainly the annualized continuing resolution funding levels that existed through early March 2025, which were later extended by a continuing resolution to the end of FY 2025. Note(s): Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data. Source(s): Agencies' submissions to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) per MAX Schedule C, agencies' budget justification documents, supplemental data obtained from agencies' budget offices, and Executive Office of the President, OMB, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2026.
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 36 Table 23. Federal funding for basic research, by budget function: FYs 1978–2026 (Millions of dollars) Fiscal year 1978 3,665 320 * 962 412 157 207 197 9 70 8 57 1,246 0 2 9 10 0 na 1979 4,108 365 0 1,026 440 172 131 222 10 75 8 59 1,579 0 1 10 10 * na 1980 4,716 552 0 1,152 482 200 136 246 15 79 8 61 1,761 0 1 14 9 * na 1981 5,107 610 12 1,256 445 220 131 281 17 89 5 66 1,951 0 3 15 5 3 na 1982 5,305 696 10 1,296 434 260 139 295 17 102 7 78 1,953 0 0 13 4 2 na 1983 6,247 788 10 1,439 501 320 156 326 19 117 6 70 2,475 0 0 14 4 3 na 1984 7,072 845 3 1,606 646 365 192 353 20 125 5 77 2,813 0 0 15 5 3 na 1985 7,810 856 4 1,779 498 428 206 406 23 255 6 86 3,243 0 0 15 4 4 na 1986 8,193 960 5 1,795 737 456 204 390 26 184 6 83 3,324 0 0 15 5 5 na 1987 9,021 900 3 1,942 843 511 206 397 26 231 4 78 3,851 0 0 17 8 4 na 1988 9,553 905 3 2,061 944 571 210 428 28 197 7 83 4,087 0 0 17 8 5 na 1989 10,648 965 3 2,265 1,099 703 331 433 29 287 3 92 4,413 0 0 16 7 3 na 1990 11,288 964 4 2,306 1,389 761 336 456 31 242 3 106 4,661 0 0 16 9 3 na 1991 12,405 1,188 6 2,526 1,479 878 389 486 39 246 10 115 5,021 0 0 16 6 0 na 1992 12,973 1,147 6 2,532 1,499 921 383 528 35 266 11 118 5,506 0 0 16 5 0 na 1993 13,440 1,323 8 2,553 1,588 917 376 553 34 238 10 121 5,700 0 0 16 5 0 na 1994 13,552 1,174 6 2,542 1,796 921 224 567 38 220 9 145 5,889 0 0 16 5 0 na 1995 13,772 1,181 0 2,622 1,614 930 187 565 35 389 3 153 6,068 0 0 16 9 0 na 1996 14,442 1,165 2 2,662 1,685 1,182 147 547 37 456 0 140 6,395 0 0 13 12 0 na 1997 14,961 1,090 2 2,753 1,653 1,288 153 548 34 420 0 142 6,852 0 0 14 13 0 na 1998 15,523 1,067 1 4,121 1,610 34 145 571 35 411 0 133 7,356 0 0 23 16 0 na 1999 17,433 1,110 0 4,464 1,667 36 142 602 41 358 0 99 8,634 0 0 263 18 0 na 2000 19,470 1,184 42 4,722 1,616 36 146 651 39 542 0 107 10,099 0 0 266 20 0 na 2001 21,376 1,303 50 5,187 1,695 40 215 749 50 17 0 112 11,642 0 0 289 27 0 na 2002 23,848 1,404 53 5,561 1,912 45 471 762 56 17 0 115 12,957 0 0 465 30 0 na 2003 25,323 1,409 18 5,907 2,206 40 185 824 53 23 1 125 14,162 0 0 327 42 0 na 2004 26,529 1,380 18 6,198 2,473 32 201 780 46 20 0 125 14,850 0 0 347 58 0 na 2005 27,678 1,508 18 6,238 2,486 31 195 789 53 65 0 130 15,826 0 0 297 42 0 na 2006 27,336 1,490 18 6,406 2,299 8 195 805 66 0 0 131 15,532 0 0 318 68 0 na Total for all budget functions National defense (050) International affairs (150) General science and basic research (251) Space flight, research, and supporting activities (252) Energy (270) Natural resources and environment (300) Agriculture (350) Commerce and housing credit (370) Transportation (400) Community and regional development (450) Education, training, employment, and social services (500) Health (550) Medicare (570) Income security (600) Veterans benefits and services (700) Administration of justice (750) General government (800) Othera