70
Population & Housing Census-2023 Figures 3.11 illustrate the comparison between male and female literacy rates with rural and urban according to Census results of census 2017 and 2023. The results reveal that females' literacy rates has increased from 75.83% in Census-2017 to 79.13% observed in Census-2023, showing a better progress than males whose literacy rates increased from 86.55% in Census-2017 to 88.23% in Census-2023. Figure 3.11: Literacy Rate by Sex and Rural/Urban: Census-2017 & 2023
3.6.2 Out of School Children (OOSC)
Out of school children (OOSC) 5-16 years are calculated from children who have never been to school
and dropped from school. It is an important development indicator reflecting the exclusion of potential
future literate work force.
As per Table 3.14 Census-2023 there are 0.59 million children aged 5-16 years in Islamabad. Out
of which 0.50 million (84.94%) are currently attended school and 0.09 million (15.06%) are currently
out of school. Disaggregated out of school children (15.06%) reveals that, there are 6.84% who have
never been to school and 8.22% are those who ever attended and then dropped from school.
Table 3.14: Population (5-16 Years) In School, Out Of School (OOSC), Never To School and Dropout
by Sex and Rural/Urban, Census-2023
Region / Sex
Number
Percentage
Total
Population
In-
School
(OOSC)
Never to
School
Drop
Out
In-
School
(OOSC)
Never to
School
Drop
Out
Total
All Sexes
591,703
502,576
89,127
40,477
48,650
84.94
15.06
6.84
8.22
Male
312,921
265,072
47,849
19,944
27,905
84.71
15.29
6.37
8.92
Female
278,773
237,498
41,275
20,531
20,744
85.19
14.81
7.36
7.44
Transgender
9
6
3
2
1
66.67
33.33
22.22
11.11
Rural
All Sexes
321,116
277,444
43,672
18,552
25,120
86.40
13.60
5.78
7.82
Male
167,805
144,390
23,415
9,444
13,971
86.05
13.95
5.63
8.33
Female
153,309
133,053
20,256
9,107
11,149
86.79
13.21
5.94
7.27
Transgender
2
1
1
1
50.00 50.00 50.00
Urban All Sexes 270,587 225,132 45,455 21,925 23,530 83.20 16.80 8.10 8.70 Male 145,116 120,682 24,434 10,500 13,934 83.16 16.84 7.24 9.60 Female 125,464 104,445 21,019 11,424 9,595 83.25 16.75 9.11 7.65 Transgender 7 5 2 1 1 71.43 28.57 14.29 14.29 86.55 87.19 85.95 88.23 89.13 87.19 75.83 76.04 75.63 79.13 80.16 77.87 55.36 51.61 58.33 47.04 48 46.82 Total Rural 2017 Urban Total Rural 2023 Urban Male Female Transgender
71
Population & Housing Census-2023 The out of school for male is 15.29% whereas for females is 14.81% in the district. Whereas the out of school for males in urban areas is 16.84% which is higher than the out of school for females in urban areas i.e.16.75%. Similarly, out of school for males in rural areas i.e. 13.95% are also higher than as compared to females i.e. 13.21%. 3.6.3 Educational Attainment Education meets the shortage of trained and qualified manpower which is an important factor for increasing productivity, accelerating economic growth, individual development, individual freedom and emancipation of women. Census data on educational attainme nt is, therefore, e ssential for development plans. According to Census -2023, out of population above the age of 5 years, 83.54% have attended school while 16.46% have never received any formal education.
Figure 3.13: Percentage of Population with Educational Attainment Table 3.15 presents the distribution of persons by sex, educational attainment and rural/urban domains. The results show that total number of educated people in the district, with some kind of educational qualification i.e. 1,628,867. Out of the total educated population, 19.60% are below primary, 15.91% 83.54 16.46 Attended Never Attended Figure 3.12: Percentage of Population who have attended school
72
Population & Housing Census-2023
have passed primary level, 14.77% have passed only middle and 18.36% have passed matric. However,
the percentage falls to 11.63% for intermediate, 7.88% for graduate (2 Years), 5.22 for graduate (4
Years), 8.41% for master's and 1.35% for M. Phil/Ph.D. In addition, 0.32% of the educated people
hold a diploma or certificate and 1.17% hold other qualifications not covered by the above categories.
The educational attainment for women exceeds than that of men till primary level. but declines beyond
that. Moreover, urban areas have a greater percentage of educated people with higher educational
attainment as compared to rural areas.
Table 3.15: Percentage of Educational Attainment Levels by Sex and Rural/Urban, Census-2023
Educational
Attainment
All Areas
Rural
Urban
All
Sexes
Males
Females
Trans
genders
All
Sexes
Males
Female
s
Trans
genders
All
Sexes
Males
Females
Trans
genders
Below
Primary
19.60
18.77
20.65
39.37
19.90
19.06
20.94
4.17
19.24
18.42
20.30
47.57
Primary
15.91
15.33
16.64
18.11
16.54
15.71
17.54
25.00
15.16
14.89
15.52
16.50
Middle
14.77
15.64
13.66
13.39
15.89
16.83
14.73
16.67
13.42
14.25
12.33
12.62
Matric
18.36
19.54
16.89
11.81
19.50
20.95
17.72
25.00
17.00
17.88
15.85
8.74
Intermediate
11.63
11.32
12.02
1.57
11.66
11.42
11.96
0.00
11.60
11.21
12.10
1.94
Graduate
(2 Years)
7.88
7.30
8.61
1.57
7.56
6.91
8.35
8.33
8.26
7.74
8.93
0.00
Graduate
(4 Years)
5.52
5.81
5.16
3.94
4.81
5.06
4.51
16.67
6.37
6.68
5.97
0.97
Master
8.41
8.04
8.88
3.94
7.07
6.71
7.51
4.17
10.02
9.58
10.59
3.88
M.Phil/Ph.D
1.35
1.44
1.25
0.79
1.10
1.20
0.99
0.00
1.65
1.72
1.56
0.97
Diploma/
Certificate
0.32
0.45
0.15
0.00
0.31
0.46
0.14
0.00
0.32
0.43
0.17
0.00
Others
1.17
1.36
0.93
0.79
0.82
0.94
0.66
0.00
1.59
1.85
1.25
0.97
Total
Literate (5+)
1,628,867
906,512
722,228
127
889,870
488,626
401,220
24
738,997
417,886
321,008
103
3.7 Employment
Employment refers to an activity in which an individual works regularly for another person and gets
remunerated in return. Those who are employed by others are known as employees. The person who
engages others to work regularly for them is known as an employer. In Census 2023, two questions were
asked regarding employment with reference of past one year of working with reference to the census
period. The employment statistics captured in Census 2023, cannot be exactly comparable with Labour
Force Survey due to its extensive nature and the reference period. The objective of its capturing in Census
2023 is to take snapshot of employment along with other demographic indicators.
Overall 66.22 million (38.56%) people are employed in Pakistan during the reference period of
past one year. Table 3.16 reveals employment statistics in Islamabad, breaking down the data by total
employment and different employment categories. In Islamabad 37.07%, were employed including
59.22% and 11.81% males and females respectively. Whereas percentage of male employees is slightly
lower in rural area i.e. 58.71% as compared to urban areas i.e. 59.79%. However, percentage of females’
employees slightly higher in urban areas with 12.94% as compared to rural areas with 10.88%. The male
percentage in urban is lower of self employed in non-agriculture activity and employer in urban areas with
73
Population & Housing Census-2023
28.34% and 7.10% respectively as compared to rural with 31.32% and 7.83% respectively. This may due
to business and services opportunities. Paid employees are higher than all other categories. Paid employees
are 55.74% in the District with greater proportion in urban areas (61.76%) as compared to rural areas
(50.29%). The percentage of paid employees are higher in urban due to high percentage of females in
urban with 75.22, working in public and private sector as compared to female working in rural areas
with 49.84%.
The population having its own land and own livestock is included in the category Self Employed
(agriculture). In Islamabad 4.37% employees are Self Employed in agriculture this percentage is higher
in male i.e. 4.79 than female i.e. 1.94. Self-employees (non-agri) are 26.64% which is also higher in
male i.e. 29.91 than female i.e. 7.92.
Regard to the contributing family worker (unpaid family helper) both in agriculture and non-
agriculture activity the percentage of female population with 12.17% and 11.81% respectively is higher
than the male percentage 1.25% and 1.99% respectively. The percentages are high in rural areas as
females are mostly employed in agriculture sector as contributing family workers.
According to Census 2023 the unemployed population is 7.10% in the district which is higher in
rural areas with 7.37% as compare to urban areas with 6.78%. Unemployment is lower in females with
6.54% as compared to males with 7.59%. As Pakistan population is predominantly young and 18.56%
population comprising of population age 15-24. Therefore, an indicator for youth (15-24) “Not in
employment and education” has been calculated which shows that in Islamabad 40.25% of youth are not
in employment and education. The percentage is higher in females with 53.10 than males with 35.29%.
this needs immediate policy interventions to bring this potential to efficient utilization for country
prosperity.
Table 3.16: Percentage of Population by Employment, Sex and Rural/Urban, Census-2023
Employment
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Employed
37.07
59.22
11.81
36.03
58.71
10.88
38.30
59.79
12.94
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Paid Employee 55.74 54.57 62.41 50.29 50.36 49.84 61.76 59.29 75.22 Self Employed Agri) 4.37 4.79 1.94 6.28 6.93 2.40 2.25 2.40 1.46 Self Employed (Non-A) 26.64 29.91 7.92 27.96 31.32 7.88 25.18 28.34 7.97 Employer 6.93 7.49 3.74 7.26 7.83 3.89 6.56 7.10 3.58 Unpaid F. Helper (Agri) 2.87 1.25 12.17 4.93 2.16 21.53 0.60 0.23 2.65 Unpaid F. Helper (Non-A) 3.45 1.99 11.81 3.27 1.41 14.45 3.65 2.64 9.12 Unemployed 7.10 7.59 6.54 7.37 7.96 6.72 6.78 7.16 6.32 Not L.F & Stud (15 to 24) 33.34 22.56 45.98 34.39 23.30 46.96 32.15 21.74 44.83