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Population & Housing Census-2023
3.2 Distribution of Population by Sex, Age and Marital Status
3.2.1 Sex Ratio
The sex ratio is considered to be an important demographic indicator showing the number of males per
hundred females in a population and is reflective of the gender balance in the country. It is greatly
affected by sex differentials in mortality and migration as well as under or over enumeration of male and
female population. The sex ratio, in turn affects fertility, mortality, migration, labour force composition
and other related factors.
According to the Census-2023, the overall sex ratio in ICT is 112.57 as shown in Table 3.3. The
sex ratio has increased from 110.68 in observed Census-2017 to 112.57 higher in urban areas i.e., 115.98
compared to rural areas as109.79 of ICT. This may be due to the migratory pattern of males to urban
centers for work and education (Table 3.3).
The sex ratio at birth in the Census-2023 is 106.86, increasing from 105.22 since the Census-
2017. In rural and urban areas, the sex ratios at birth are 106.14 and 107.93, respectively. Looking at sex
ratios by age groups, the overall sex ratio for ages below 15 years is recorded as 109.82, whereas the sex
ratio for working-age population between the ages 15-64 years is 112.44 males per hundred females.
The sex ratio for 65 years and above population has witnessed a increased from 119.71 in Census-2017
to 137.45 in Census-2023. The variation in age pattern of sex ratios is reflective of the effects of factors
of population growth and coverage of male and female population which needs further analysis.
Table 3.3: Sex Ratio by selected Age Groups and Rural/Urban, Census-2017 and 2023
2017 2023 Age Groups All Areas Rural Urban All Areas Rural Urban All ages 110.68 108.21 113.18 111.81 109.56 114.41 At birth 105.22 105.97 104.39 106.86 106.14 107.93 Less than 15 years 108.23 107.61 108.88 109.82 107.72 112.47 15 - 64 years 111.53 107.81 115.21 112.44 109.05 116.54 65 + years 119.71 121.88 117.72 137.45 140.25 134.26 3.2.2 Age Structure The interaction of births, deaths, and migration has a considerable impact on the demographic behavior and emerging socio-economic characteristics of any society. However, like other developing countries, age reporting is not very accurate in Pakistan. This could be ascribed to illiteracy and ignorance about ages, and age heaping (tendency or digital preferences to report ages ending in 0 and 5 followed by even numbers). According to the Census-2023, the population less than 15 years of age is 32.28% of the total population. Figure below shows that the population share below the age of five years is 10.40%, and below one-year-old is 1.23% of the total population. Moreover, 63.40% lies in the working-age group of 15-64 years. The age group of 65 years and above represents only 4.31% of the total District population.
58
Population & Housing Census-2023 The age group representing youth (15 to 24 years) constitutes 18.51% of the total population of Islamabad. The adult population above the age of 18 years has a share of the total population as 61.77%.
Table 3.4 presents the distribution of population by age and sex. The male population comprises 52.96% of the total population, whereas the female population constitutes 47.04%. The transgender have only been reported as 0.01 percent of the total populatio n i.e. 2,283,244 of the district. The age group of 10 to 14 years has the highest number, with percentage shares of 5.87 and 5.12 for males and females respectively. The percentage shares show a progressively decreasing trend for higher age groups, indicating the concentration of population in young age groups. It is evident from table that almost 59% of the population in Islamabad is less than 30 years, presenting a youth population requiring policy intervention for providing them education and skills especially relating to IT Technology helping in view the digital transformation in the world.
Less Than 5 Years Total: 10.40% Male: 10.16% Female: 10.68% Less Than 10 Years Total: 21.30% Male: 20.28% Female: 21.83% Less Than 1 Year Total: 1.23% Male: 1.20% Female: 1.27% Less Than 15 Years Total: 32.28% Male: 31.91% Female: 32.71%
15 – 24 Years Total:18.51% Male: 18.86% Female: 18.11% 65 & Above Total: 4.31% Male: 4.71% Female: 3.86% 15 – 64 Years Total: 63.40% Male: 63.37% Female: 63.43% 18 & Above Total: 61.77% Male: 61.95% Female: 61.55%
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Population & Housing Census-2023
Table 3.4 : Population of Province by Sex and Age Groups, Census-2023 Age Groups Male (%) Female (%) Total Population (%) All Ages 52.96 47.04 100 00 -- 04 5.38 5.02 10.40 05 -- 09 5.65 5.25 10.90 10 -- 14 5.87 5.12 10.99 15 -- 19 5.27 4.40 9.67 20 -- 24 4.71 4.12 8.84 25 -- 29 4.33 4.05 8.38 30 -- 34 3.93 3.86 7.78 35 -- 39 3.72 3.54 7.25 40 -- 44 3.39 3.01 6.41 45 -- 49 2.70 2.31 5.01 50 -- 54 2.24 1.90 4.15 55 -- 59 1.81 1.47 3.28 60 -- 64 1.46 1.17 2.63 65 -- 69 1.08 0.78 1.85 70 -- 74 0.74 0.54 1.28 75 & Above 0.68 0.50 1.18 *The transgender population is not included in the total population column. Figures 3.4 portrays the percentage distribution of Population for males and females categories separately for five year and single year age intervals, respectively. This has been done to account for differences in age reporting of males and females. The graphical representation reflects the age and sex structure which can be represented as an expansive population pyramid with a large base, whose shape becomes narrower in the middle age groups until it becomes a thin peak at the top. The pyramid is clearly depicting the more population concentration in the age group < 30.
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Population & Housing Census-2023 Figure 3.4: Population Distribution of Male and Female of the District, Census-2023
3.2.3 Dependency Ratio
Table 3.5 shows that the overall age dependency ratio for all sexes is 57.72% as compared to 60.07% in
Census 2017. The age dependency ratio for male is 57.59%, female is 57.66% and for transgender it is
1.89%. the age dependency ratio is higher in rural areas i.e. 58.79% compared to urban areas as 56.47%.
Table 3.5 : Dependency Ratio of Province by Sex and Rural/Urban, Census-2023
Dependency
ratio
2017
2023
All Area
Rural
Urban
All Area
Rural
Urban
All Sexes
60.07
62.55
57.71
57.72
58.79
56.47
Male
59.51
62.85
56.42
57.79
59.29
56.09
Female
60.73
62.24
59.22
57.66
58.25
56.94
Transgender
6.06
6.90
5.41
1.89
2.04
1.85
3.2.4 Marital Status
The Census-2023 also provides information on population distribution by marital status, i.e. married,
never married, widowed, divorced and separated. Figure 3.5 shows the percentage distribution of
population by marital status, age and sex for persons aged 15 years and above. The age pattern of marital
status distribution is a direct determinant of fertility and future growth of population. The data shows
that overall, 31.45% are unmarried, 65.33% are currently married, 2.87% are widowed and only 0.27%
are divorced and 0.09% are separated.
8
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
00 -- 04
10 -- 14
20 -- 24
30 -- 34
40 -- 44
50 -- 54
60 -- 64
70 -- 74
Age Groups
Male
Female
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Population & Housing Census-2023 Figure 3.5: Percentage Distribution of Population (15 Years And Above) by Marital Status and Age Groups, Census 2023
Figure 3.6 provides the percentage distribution of population by marital status. The percentage of never
married males i.e. 35.44% is higher than never married females as 26.87%. Similarly, the percentage of
married males i.e. 63.17% is lower than never married females as 67.80%.
Figure 3.6: Percentage of Male and Female Marital Status of Population (15 Years And Above),
Census 2023
3.2.5 Females of Reproductive Age Figure 3.7 shows that the total female population in the reproductive age group (i.e.15-49 years of age) in ICT is 577,413 which is 53.76% of the total female population i.e. 1,073,974. The percentage of women falling in the reproductive age category is higher in urban areas 54.03% compared to rural areas 53.55%. Among the reproductive age groups, 33.21% of women are never married, 65.25% are married, 0.41% are widowed, and 1.03% are divorced, and 0.10% are separated. The married percentage are higher in rural and urban among all categories. The percentage of married women is higher in rural areas 31.45 65.33 2.87 0.27 0.09 Never Married Married Widowed Divorced Sepration 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 Never Married Married Widowed Divorced Sepration 35.44 63.17 1.18 0.13 0.07 26.87 67.80 4.80 0.42 0.11 Female Male
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Population & Housing Census-2023 with 66.51% as compared to 63.71% in urban area. The percentage of divorced & separated female is higher in urban areas with 0.41 % and 0.08% as compared to rural areas 0.41% and .011% respectively Figure 3.7: Percentage Distribution of Females of Reproductive Age (15-49 Years) by Marital Status and Rural/ Urban, Census-2023
The Figure 3.8 shows the age wise distribution of females reproductive age from 15 to 49. It shows that the percentage of married female is highest in age bracket 40 -44 years with 93.33% while the lowest percentage of married female is in age bracket 15 -19 years with 7.66%, i.e. 93.34% are never married. Figure 3.9 also shows the pattern from highest to lowest of never married females from age 15 to 49. The percentage of widowed female is highest in 45-49 age bracket with 4.58%. Figure 3.8: Percentage Distribution of Females of Reproductive Age (15-49 Years) by Age Group and Marital Status, Census-2023
3.3 Distribution of Population by Religion and Mother Tongue
3.3.1 Population Distribution by Religion
The population of ICT is predominantly Muslim, with 95.55% declaring Islam as their faith. The rural
areas have 96.43% population as Muslims, whereas urban areas stand at 94.50%. The non -Muslim
population recorded in Census-2023 is 4.45%. The largest amongst the minorities are Christians which
constitute 4.26% of the total population followed by Ahmadi’s at 0.11%, Hindu’s 0.04%, Scheduled
Never Married Married Widowed Divorced Sepration
33.21
65.25
1.03 0.41 0.10
31.87
66.51
1.11 0.41 0.11
34.84
63.71
0.95 0.41 0.08
Total Rural Urban
15 -- 19 20 -- 24 25 -- 29 30 -- 34 35 -- 39 40 -- 44 45 -- 49
92.28
60.39
27.50
10.53 5.11 3.16 2.377.66
39.36
71.79
88.23 92.94 93.33 92.18
0.01 0.08 0.27 0.57 1.13 2.60
4.58
0.03 0.14 0.36 0.56 0.65 0.73
0.69
0.02 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.17 0.19
Never Married Married Widowed Divorced Sepration
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Population & Housing Census-2023 Castes 0.02%, Sikh’s 0.003%, Parsi’s 0.0004% and others 0.04%. Table 3.6 provides a comparison of population between census-2017 and 2023 according to religious belief in rural and urban areas. Table 3.6: Percentage of Population by Religion and Rural/Urban, Census-2017 and 2023 Religion 2017 2023 All Areas Rural Urban Total Number All Areas Rural Urban Total Number Muslim 95.43 96.41 94.47 1,911,877 95.55 96.43 94.50 2,181,663 Christian 4.34 3.43 5.23 86,847 4.26 3.43 5.25 97,281 Hindu Jati 0.03 0.01 0.05 562 0.04 0.02 0.05 839 Ahmadi 0.14 0.13 0.14 2,738 0.11 0.10 0.12 2398 Scheduled Castes 0.01 0.01 0.01 175 0.002 0.002 0.002 45 Sikh
0.003 0.003 0.003 60 Parsi
0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 10 Others 0.06 0.02 0.10 1,169 0.04 0.02 0.07 948 Total 100 100 100 2,003,368 100 100 100 2,283,244 Figure 3.9 illustrate the percentage of non-Muslims out of total non-Muslims population. The total non- Muslims population according to Census-2023 is 0.09 million. Christians has the highest share among the non-Muslims population with a percentage of 94.92% while Qadiani/Ahmadi 2.99%, Scheduled castes 0.19%, Hindu Jati 0.61% and others 1.28%, respectively. Figure 3.9: Percentage of Non-Muslims out of total Non-Muslim Population, Census-2023
3.3.2 Population Distribution by Mother Tongue According to Census-2023, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language with percentage of 50.57% as 48.37% compared to census 2017 of total population, followed by Pushto 18.21% and Urdu 15.72% as shown in Table 3.7. The share of other languages spoken in ICT are: Hindko with 6.17%, Saraiki with 2.03%, Kashmiri with 2.27%, Sindhi with 0.94%, Balochi with 0.20%, Brahvi with 0.03%, Shina with 94.92 0.61 2.99 0.19 1.28 CHRISTIAN HINDU JATI QADIANI/ AHMADI SCHEDULED CASTES OTHERS