51
Population & Housing Census-2023 logistical and managerial support to Lady Health Workers (LHWs). Rural Health Centers (RHCs) serve catchment population of up to 100,000 people. There are a total of 9 hospitals, 83 dispensaries, and 3 Mother and Child Welfare centers in ICT. II. Secondary Healthcare This is an intermediate level of healthcare that is concerned with the provision of technical, therapeutic and diagnostic services. It is the first referral level serving at the district and tehsil levels. Specialist consultation and hospital admi ssions fall into this category. The Tehsil Head Quarters (THQs) and District Head Quarters (DHQs) hospitals serve a population of 0.5 to 3 million people. Both these health facilities provide basic and comprehensive emergency, obstetrics, preventive, curative, diagnostics, and in -patient services along with referral services to patients referred by BHUs, RHCs etc. III. Tertiary Healthcare The Tertiary Healthcare hospitals are far more specializ ed in -patient care. These hospit als provide specialized healthcare services usually to inpatients and on referrals from primary or secondary health professionals (International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications 2017). Islamabad has the lowest rate of infant mortality in the country at 38 deaths per thousand live births compared to the national average of 78 deaths per thousand live births. Islamabad has both public and private medical centers. The largest hospital in Is lamabad is Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) divided into five administrative branches. It was established in 1985 as a teaching and Doctor's Training Institute. PIMS functions as a National Reference Center and provides specialized diagnostic and curative services. The hospital has 30 major medical departments and 22 medical and surgical specialties. The Children's Hospital is a 230-bed hospital completed in 1985. It contains six major facilities: Surgical and Allied Specialties, Medical and Allied Specialties, Diagnostic Facilities, Operation Theatre, Critical Care (NICU, PICU, Isolation & Accident Emergency), and a Blood Bank. The Maternal and Child Health Care Center is a training institute with an attached hospital of 125 beds offering different clinical and operational services. PIMS consists of five academic institutes: Quaid-e-Azam Postgraduate Medical College, College of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, School of Nursing, and Mother and Child Health Center. PAEC General Hospital and Teaching Institute, established in 2006, is affiliated with the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission. The hospital consists of a 100 -bed facility and 10 major departments: Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatric, General Medicine, Gener al Surgery, Intensive Care Unit/Coronary Care Unit, Orthopedics, Ophthalmology, Pathology, Radiology, and Dental Department. Shifa International Hospital is a teaching hospital in Islamabad that was founded in 1987 and became a public company in 1989. The hospital has 70 qualified consultants in almost all specialties, 150 IPD beds and OPD facilities in 35 different specializations.
52
Population & Housing Census-2023 The table below gives the details of health facilities by type in ICT. Table 2.4: Government Departmental, Private and Local Bodies Hospitals with Bed Capacity in Islamabad: 2023
2.16.2 Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation Access to safe drinking water, sanitation and solid waste disposal is considered to be the fundamental right of every human being, and the duty of the state is to provide these facilities. Inadequate sanitation and non-availability of safe drinking water result not only in more sickness and death but also in higher health costs, lower worker productivity and lower school enrolment. According to Census-2017, 79.37 % of all housing units reported in the district having a source of drinking water inside the premises. Major source of water in the district reported as Tap water (both inside/outside) with the share of 36.76% in Census-2017. In terms of access to sanitation facilities, 98.33 % of housing units in the district have access to Toilet facility. Overall, an improvement in sanitation facilities has been observed in the district as the percentage of housing units with none Toilet facility decreased from 27.61% in Census-1998 to 1.67% in Census-2017. 2.17 Education In Pakistan, education is now a provincial subject as a result of the 18th Constitutional Amendment legislated by the parliament during April 2010. The provincial/area Governments enjoy greater autonomy in several social and economic sectors, including education. The Ministry of Education and Trainings and Standards in Higher Education (MET&SHE) at the federal level coordinates with international development partners and provides a platform to the provincial/area departments of education for exchange of information and creating synergy, synchronization and harmony. Public sector formal school system, which is largest service provider in Pakistan, consists of 12 academic years. It starts from Primary and ends at Intermediate level or Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC). Pre-primary classes (local name Katchi class, translation: Pre-Primary; premature or not ripe yet) can be found in schools, but this level is not recognized in terms of budgetary provision or examination. Private sector caters for educational needs of about one third enrolled children having diverse streams, some following public sector National curricular, while others opting for curricular of Cambridge International Examinations. The children of upper-middle classes, residing in urban localities, mostly attend high cost private schools, offering foreign curricula and International examination systems (O and A levels) and are staffed with qualified and trained teachers, well-equipped Health Facility Public Private Total Hospital 9 94 103 Dispensaries 81
81 Maternity and Child Welfare Centers 4 37 41 Beds in Hospitals and Dispensaries etc. 2792 5901 8693
53
Population & Housing Census-2023 classrooms, all essential facilities of good quality, and imported teaching-learning materials. In addition to the public and private schools, there is another stream of 'Deeni Madrassas' (Religious Schools) offering free religious education with free boarding and lodging. These Madrassas are usually managed by local communities and are financed through charity and donations. These parallel systems of education in Pakistan have perpetuated inequalities and economic stratifications, and are root cause for behavioral divisions and social conflict in the society. Majority of the children, residing mainly in rural and semi-urban areas and belonging to the low income families, attend public schools which offer free education but are characterized by poor quality of education due to lack of physical facilities, shortage or absence of teachers, and non-availability of suitable learning materials. In ICT there are 579 primary school, 474 middle school, 364 high school, 201 higher secondary school, 29 colleges, and 25 universities (Table 1.5). Table 2.5: Number of Educational Institutions in Islamabad District
Source: Deputy Commissioner Report-2022-23 2.17.1 Literacy According to Census-2022-23 results, literacy ratio of ICT (for population aged 10 years and above) recorded as 83.97%, Literacy ratio for males is higher 88.23% than that of females 79.13% and of transgender 47.04%. Moreover, out of the total population aged 5 years and above, a large proportion does not continue education beyond matriculation level, leaving a majority of population as unskilled.
S.No. Level Total Boys Girls Co-Education 1 Primary School 579 116 80 383 2 Middle School 474 24 39 411 3 High School 364 52 57 255 4 Higher Secondary School 201 31 42 128 5 Inter Collage 9 6 3
6 Degree Collage 28 7 8 13 7 University 25 1 1 23
Total 1680 237 230 1213
PART - Ill DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
a a
am ae
BUREAU OF eee “FIRST EVER DIGITAL CENSUS”
SE 7 Population & Housing Census 2023
| @el| ISLAMABAD
e e © © LA Toes . S| f see? MILLION URBAN RURAL ieee 47% — AM% ———S3% ® «es @ e a RRERR FOOF 7 i Baa MALE FEMALE 92.78% 47.21% MARRIED NEVER MARRIED 65.33% 31.45%
ph A MOTHER TONGUE
(a thay URDU PUNJABI 15.72% 50.57% AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ) PUSHTO ~~ SINDHI GROWTH RATE (%) OUSEHOLD SIZE 18.21% 0.94%
BALOCHI SARAIK! 2.80 5.75 ALOCHI SARA\F POPULATION WITH AGE GROUPS UNDER 5 05 - 16 15 - 29 10.40% 25.92% 26.90% rm | BELOW 18 BELOW 40 65 & ABOVE 38.23% 74.22% 4.31%
as _— OUT OF SCHOOL 5-16 YEAR a. 09 — ~' 06%)
ST? pint 4
88% 79% 15.29% 14.81%
54
Population & Housing Census-2023 3 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
3.1 Population Size, Growth and its Distribution
3.1.1 Population Size and its Growth
The population of Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) according to the Census-2023 has been recorded
as 2.36 million (2,363,863 persons), showing an increase of (17.99%) since Census-2017. Figure 3.1
illustrates that the population of ICT has increased from as low as 0.12 million in 1961 to 2.36 million
in 2023, showing an addition of about 2.24 million people in the past six decades or so.
Figure 3.1: Population Size Since Census-1961.
The first population census in ICT was conducted in 1961 when the city was developed as a capital
territory of Pakistan. Since then six censuses have been conducted in ICT (Islamabad) as part of the
national exercise. Table 3.1 shows that the intercensal increase in population has been 17.99% during
2017-2023. It is pertinent to mention here that the last censuses which were conducted with a gap of 19
years (1998-2017), 17 years (1981-1998) & 11 years (1972-1961). This census has been conducted with
a gap of only 6 years (2017-2023). Which is one of the further for intercensal graph rank. Further,
Islamabad has already received major influence from other cites from 1998 to 2017. This indicates that
ICT experienced an overall cumulative percentage increase in population of 1903.27% since 1961 (Table
3.1).
Table 3.1: Population and Intercensal Increase Since Census-1961
Description 1961 1972 1981 1998 2017 2023 Population (in 000's) 118 238 340 805 2,003 2,364 Intercensal Increase (%)
101.70 43.25 136.76 148.86 17.99 Cumulative Increase (%) Intercensal Average
101.69 188.14 582.20 1597.76 1903.27 Annual Growth Rate (%)
6.20 4.31 5.19 4.90 2.80 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 118 238 340 805 2003 2364 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 1961 1972 1981 1998 2017 2023 Population (000's)
55
Population & Housing Census-2023 The average annual growth rate during the intercensal period of 2017 to 2023 has been observed as 2.80%, compared to 4.90% during censuses 1998 and 2017. Figures 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 show the trend in population growth in ICT since the first census carried out in 1961. Figures 3.2 and 3.3 show the average annual intercensal growth rates and Average per year percentage increase population for ICT since 1961, respectively. Figure 3.2: Average Annual Growth Rate Since Census-1961
Figure 3.3: Average Per Year Increase
3.1.2 Population Density
The population density (average number of persons per square kilometer) of ICT according to the
Census-2023 is 2609.12 persons compared to 2211.22 persons in the Census-2017, showing an increase
of nearly 398 persons per sq.km during the intercensal period.
6.20
4.31
5.19
4.90
2.80
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
1972
1981
1998
2017
2023
Census Year
2.26
9.26
4.81
8.03
7.82
3.01
1961
1972
1981
1998
2017
2023
56
Population & Housing Census-2023
3.1.3 Average Household Size
According to the Census-2023, the average household size of ICT is reported as 5.75 persons, which has
slightly declined from the previous census 5.86 persons. The average household size in rural and urban
areas has been reported in the Census-2023 as 5.55 and 5.99 persons, respectively. Although decline in
the average household size is witnessed at rural areas but not at urban areas as compared to the Census-
2017.
3.1.4 Rural-Urban Distribution of Population
According to the Census-2023, the rural population of ICT is 1,254,991 persons which is 53.09% of
ICT’s total population. This percentage has increased from the previous by 49.63% (994,365 persons)
reported in Census-2017.
The urban population of ICT is recorded as 1,108,872 persons in Census-2023 which is 46.91%
of the total population. This proportion has decreased by 3.46 percentage points from the previous
proportion of 50.37% in Census-2017.
The total number of rural localities in ICT is 129 as reported in 2023; of which only 43 localities
have population of 5,000 and above, whereas the remaining localities have less than 5,000 inhabitants
(Table 3.2).
A further disaggregation of the rural population by rural localities shows that localities with a population
of 5000 and above persons are the largest in number i.e., 43, followed by rural localities with a population
between 2000-4999 persons as 23. Rural localities having a population of 1000-1999 persons are 14 in
number and those with population of 500-999 persons are 25.
Here, it is important to explain that PBS use the urban rural declaration as provided by revenue /
local government. In Islamabad, the increasing in population is resulting to subway of city, which are
representing still declared as rural. This is more recognizing increase in rural population and decreasing
in urban population.
Table 3.2 : Number of Rural Localities by Population Size of Province / Divisions, Census-2023
Total Number
of Localities
5,000 and
Above
2000-
4999
1000-
1999
500-999
200-499
Less than
200
Un-inhabited
Total Number
of Localities
129
43
23
14
25
8
14
2
129
Rural
53.09%
Urban
46.91%