Thunderstorms are powerful due to the rapid rise of warm, moist air, which creates instability in the atmosphere. As this air ascends, it cools and condenses, forming cumulonimbus clouds that can reach great heights, sometimes over 10,000 meters, leading to intense weather phenomena. The strength of thunderstorms is further amplified by the strong updrafts that can exceed 100 km/h (62 mph) and the formation of downdrafts as precipitation begins, which contribute to powerful winds and tumultuous conditions [1][5][6].

Additionally, thunderstorms generate electrical charges through collisions of water droplets and ice particles within the clouds, resulting in lightning, which superheats the air and creates thunder. This discharge of energy, along with the potential for severe winds and hail, makes thunderstorms particularly dangerous [1][5][6].

What makes thunderstorms so powerful?

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