Edge computing is a distributed computing model that brings computation and data storage closer to the sources of data. It aims to reduce latency compared to applications running on centralized data centers by positioning computation physically nearer to users. The term was first used in the 1990s to describe content delivery networks and has since evolved to support various applications, especially those requiring immediate data processing[1].
It is often linked with the Internet of Things (IoT) and involves running computer programs close to where requests are made. Unlike traditional data centers, edge computing environments may not always be climate-controlled but still require significant processing power[1].
Edge computing is designed to move computation away from data centers, utilizing smart devices, mobile phones, or network gateways to deliver services. This model can enhance response times and data transfer rates while managing IoT devices more effectively[1]. Additionally, it can improve privacy by processing data locally, thus minimizing sensitive information transmission to the cloud. As a result, ownership of collected data shifts from service providers to end-users[1].
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