Bubbles form when a thin film of liquid, typically soapy water, captures air or gas. Soap reduces surface tension, allowing the film to stretch and trap air. The film is structured with water sandwiched between layers of soap molecules, making it more flexible. The bubble adopts a spherical shape because this minimizes surface area, which is the most energy-efficient form under equal pressure from the inside and outside [1][2][5][10].

The process behind how bubbles form.

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The process behind how bubbles form.

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