Before the dawn of Christianity, Lybians, Cushites, Romans, Greeks, and Phoenicians protected navigation using lighthouses[1]. These lighthouses were similar in style, though on a smaller scale, to the tower of white marble erected at Alexandria[1]. These lighthouses used high columns, on the summits of which were placed fires of wood in open grates, or lamps lit by oil[1].
In mediaeval times bells on rocks, marks on shoals and sands, and beacon lights were maintained by the great monasteries, or by their various offshoots, in this country[1]. Those beacon lights, dim, flickering, and uncertain though they may have been, were the direct ancestors of the modern lighthouse[1].
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