Global battery-recycling market is estimated at USD 12.31 billion in 2026, and forecast at USD 91.72 billion by 2034.
EU targets 90% recovery for cobalt, copper, and nickel by 2027, while Umicore reports over 95% cobalt and nickel recovery.
Mixed-stream lithium-ion recycling cuts environmental impacts 58%; nickel and cobalt recycling uses 50% to 75% less energy.
Asia leads lithium-ion battery recycling, with more than 1.2 million tons of capacity; China holds about 70%.
A 2025 study says battery recycling plus reuse could reduce cobalt demand by up to 96% in China, 2021-2060.
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