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Guess the Biotech Milestone Year

Which year marks Khorana and his coworkers completing the first laboratory synthesis of a complete gene? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: It was a chemically synthesized yeast transfer-RNA gene.[1][2].
Difficulté: Facile
Which year refers to Paul Berg’s initial in-vitro construction of recombinant DNA molecules? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: Do not confuse this laboratory construction with the later bacterial experiment.[5].
Difficulté: Moyen
In which year did Cohen and Boyer perform the first successful recombinant DNA experiment using bacterial genes? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: This milestone followed the 1972 in-vitro construction of recombinant DNA molecules.[7][8].
Difficulté: Moyen
Which year is associated with the conception or development of the polymerase chain reaction? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: The milestone is linked to Kary Mullis.[11][12].
Difficulté: Facile
Which year marks the first transgenic animals with a genetic change shown to pass to offspring? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: The work involved inserting foreign DNA into mouse embryos.[15][16].
Difficulté: Difficile
In which year did Genentech announce production of genetically engineered human insulin? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: This asks about production, not the FDA approval date.[19][20].
Difficulté: Moyen
Which year marks FDA approval of Humulin, recombinant human insulin produced by engineered bacteria? After a wrong attempt, reveal this hint: The production milestone occurred in 1978, while approval came later.[22][23].
Difficulté: Difficile
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