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What Pet Wearables Can (and Can’t) Tell You

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Facts From The World Of Nature - Animate And Inanimatepar Pandi
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What made the Fall of Foyers a cataract?

Loudon distinguishes rapids as slight, sudden drops in a riverbed; a cataract is a whole river falling over a precipice, while a cascade is water falling from rock to rock in a series of smaller drops[1].

Her vivid example is the Fall of Foyers: water rushes through a narrow gap between two rocks, then plunges more than forty feet into a chasm, sending up foam “like a great cloud of smoke”[2].

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Quantum Biology: Five Surprising Lab Clues

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Two lights above. Another below.

Two views of an elongated brown Jamaican click beetle: top view with paired green pronotal light organs behind the head and underside view with one amber light organ near the front of the abdomen.
The Jamaican click beetle has separate dorsal and ventral light organs. Their colours vary: the upper pair ranges from green to yellow-green, while the underside can glow yellow-green to orange.
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An aphid can carry two generations inside her

A colony of aphids can grow without a mating event for every new generation. During their asexual phase, female pea aphids give birth to live daughters from unfertilised eggs—a process called parthenogenesis.[1]

The surprise is inside the mother. Her developing daughter embryos can already contain embryos of their own. That puts a mother, developing daughters and the beginnings of granddaughters together in one body: telescoping generations.[2]

Schematic cutaway of an adult aphid containing daughter embryos, with an enlarged daughter embryo showing a smaller early embryo inside.
Telescoping generations: a mother can contain daughter embryos that already contain the next generation.
AI-generated explanatory illustration, not a photograph. Schematic details are not to scale. · Source

Overlapping development helps colonies grow quickly when a suitable plant becomes available. The next generation may already be developing before its mother has even been born.[3]

Remastered rose-aphid illustration showing a colony on a rosebud and enlarged winged and wingless forms.
Buckley’s aphids on a rose, remastered from the historical illustration.
Historical book illustration, AI-assisted colour remaster. Colours are interpretive. · Source

The pattern depends on species and conditions. In many temperate aphids, autumn brings a sexual generation and eggs that survive winter; some populations continue asexual reproduction instead.[4][5]

Buckley noticed the rapid appearance of live young in Life and Her Children. Her comparison with budding is historical language; today we describe the process as live-bearing parthenogenesis.[6][7]

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Three places frogs carry their eggs

A pond is only one kind of nursery. Some amphibian parents carry their developing eggs with them.1/5
Wrapped around legs, inside a pouch, beneath the skin. Three amphibian parents carry their nurseries with them.
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  1. A pond is only one kind of nursery.

    Some amphibian parents carry their developing eggs with them.

  2. Around Dad’s legs.

    The male midwife toad carries egg strings until the tadpoles are ready for water.

  3. Inside Mum’s back pouch.

    The horned marsupial frog broods eggs in a pouch; young emerge as froglets.

  4. Beneath Mum’s skin.

    Surinam toad eggs settle into chambers in her back. Tiny toads emerge later.

  5. Three nurseries. Three different routes.

    Egg strings, a brood pouch, skin chambers: each parent carries the next generation.

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This limpet has a home address

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A rasp, a saw, a sponge—all built into animals

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Remastered historic close-up of rows of curved teeth on a Trochus radula.
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Three tiny tools, three different jobs. Gosse’s microscope reveals a snail’s feeding ribbon, a sawfly’s egg-laying apparatus and a fly’s liquid-feeding mouthparts.
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This fire began in a forest

This fire began in a forest. Long before the coal, living plants captured energy from sunlight.1/5
Follow a coal fire back through buried plants to sunlight. A journey through deep time, inspired by The Fairy-Land of Science.
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  1. This fire began in a forest.

    Long before the coal, living plants captured energy from sunlight.

  2. Leaves made the first deposit.

    Photosynthesis turned sunlight into chemical energy in plant matter.

  3. The forest went underground.

    Burial, heat and pressure transformed plant remains over millions of years.

  4. A flame unlocks the energy.

    Burning coal releases stored chemical energy as heat and light.

  5. Deep time. A present-day consequence.

    The energy becomes heat. Carbon in the coal also becomes carbon dioxide.

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These wheels never turn

Transparent elongated rotifer with two ciliated crown discs, plus a magnified row of anchored cilia bending in successive phases.
Coordinated waves of beating cilia make a rotifer’s crown look as if it spins. The movement also creates currents that carry food toward the mouth.