Longevity Science: True or False?

Q1. True or false: Ordinary antioxidant supplements such as vitamins C and E and beta-carotene have convincingly extended lifespan in animal models.
- True
- False
- Only in human studies
- Only when combined with exercise
Answer: False. NIA reports that these ordinary antioxidants had not convincingly extended lifespan in animal-model experiments, even though oxidative stress is an important aging factor.
Q2. True or false: Caloric restriction has extended lifespan and reduced signs of disease in several laboratory organisms.
- True
- False
- Only in humans
- Only in organisms with no nervous system
Answer: True. In studies of organisms including yeast, nematodes, fruit flies, mice, and rats, eating fewer calories produced longevity and health benefits.
Q3. What did the CALERIE trial show about calorie restriction in healthy adults?
- It proved that calorie restriction extends human lifespan
- It slowed one biological-aging measure, but did not prove longer human survival
- It had no effect on any biological-aging measure
- It extended lifespan only in laboratory animals
Answer: It slowed one biological-aging measure, but did not prove longer human survival. The trial found an approximately 2% to 3% slower pace on the DunedinPACE DNA-methylation measure, but it did not show that participants lived longer or developed fewer age-related diseases.
Q4. True or false: Rapamycin has been proven to extend lifespan in healthy humans.
- True
- False
- Only when prescribed for transplant patients
- Yes, but only after one year
Answer: False. Rapamycin extends lifespan in many mouse studies, but human lifespan benefits remain unproven; its longevity use is off-label and its long-term clinical benefits have not been established.
Q5. What is the basic aim of a senolytic treatment?
- To remove senescent cells
- To increase calorie intake
- To replace all adult stem cells
- To prevent every cell from dividing
Answer: To remove senescent cells. Senolytics are designed to selectively remove senescent cells, which have stopped proliferating; some approaches have extended lifespan or healthspan in mice, but convincing human lifespan evidence is not established.
Q6. According to the National Institute on Aging, how much sleep do older adults generally need each night?
- About 3 to 5 hours
- About 5 to 6 hours
- About 7 to 9 hours
- More than 12 hours
Answer: About 7 to 9 hours. NIA generally recommends 7 to 9 hours for older adults and advises addressing problems such as insomnia or sleep apnea that interfere with rest.

Longevity Science: True or False?

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