How do birds navigate during migration?

Birds navigate during migration using a combination of techniques that include celestial navigation, geomagnetic sensing, and visual landmarks. They may use the position of the sun during the day and the stars at night, adjusting their course based on their internal clocks and the apparent movements of these celestial bodies^[3][6]. Additionally, some birds are believed to detect the Earth's magnetic field, possibly with the help of special molecules in their eyes, which aids in orientation^[3][4].

Other navigational aids include familiar physical landmarks like mountains and rivers, which can guide birds during their flights^[2][5]. The interplay of various cues, including biological clocks and environmental signals, ensures accurate migration paths^[6].