How rotation shapes the Bernal Sphere
The Bernal Sphere was a proposed spherical space habitat in the 1977 Space Settlements study, not a built settlement or a current NASA plan. In the study’s 900 m-radius example, the sphere rotates once per minute to give residents a sensation of weight. Earth-normal gravity is specified at the equator, not throughout the sphere[1][2].
That location matters: the effect of rotation changes across the sphere, leaving lower-gravity areas as well as the equatorial living area. The study describes 6.5 km² of habitable area as one connected region, 1,400 m wide and 5.6 km in circumference, plus low-gravity regions intended for heavy assembly and recreation. It gives no numerical gravity gradient across those areas. The engineering trade is that rotation makes artificial gravity possible, but the conditions residents encounter depend on where they are[3].
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