DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM PROJECT (AYDES) SDG Targets 1.5; 11.b; 13.1 Executing Entity Disaster and Emergency Management Agency (AFAD) Start & End Dates 2014-2020 AYDES represents a web-based platform capable of conducting early warning and prediction, modelling and simulations through geographic information systems and remote-sensing supported applications to effectively and efficiently manage all phases of disasters and emergencies. A decision support system for preparedness for disasters and managing the incidents of disasters more effectively and expeditiously, AYDES offers an integrated database for agencies in charge of managing disasters. The system provides fast access to data, sustainable coordination capacity, prevention of duplications, and facilitation of collaboration , timely and accurate information to the public, identification of impacts of disasters rapidly and quick response. Various disaster risk management projects are being carried out by local authorities in areas under high risk of disasters. For instance, by a joint project of AFAD and Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality, early warning systems are planned to be installed in all industrial enterprises in the city using smart city applications. AFAD Volunteering System makes it possible to include natural and legal persons who volunteer to assume roles in any phase of disaster management, to assign mission areas, to increase capacity by training, and to monitor their performance in the volunteering system. As for solid waste management, the number of sanitary landfills increased to 88 as of 2019 and these facilities provide services to 62.3 million people in 1,160 municipalities and 3 incineration plants and 58 medical waste sterilisation units are operated. In 2017, 58% of approximately 4.2 million tons of packaging waste in the market was recovered. As of April 2019, in 499 municipalities packaging waste are collected separately at the source. 29 See Chapter 5.6. Table 12. Solid Waste Data Indicator 2018 2019 Number of sanitary landfills 88 88 Number of municipalities providing sanitary landfill services 1,142 1,160 Population of municipalities providing sanitary landfill services (million) 54.9 62.3 Number of incineration plants 3 3 Number of medical waste sterilisation units 58 58 Number of municipalities collecting packaging waste separately at the source 457 499 The National Waste Management Action Plan initiated after alignment with the EU legislation, identifies activities for enhancing effectiveness in solid waste and hazardous waste management by considering the existing situation in waste management, institutional structure and responsibilities as well as the need for legal regulations. The Solid Waste Programme (SWP) support solid waste management projects of municipalities with financing difficulties, by funding for construction of integrated waste management facilities, landfills, pre-treatment facilities such as material recovery facilities and transfer stations. Zero Waste Project, which was initiated to prevent waste, use natural resources efficiently, minimise waste generation and sort and recycle waste at the source is being expanded. It is still important to develop policies and strategies that encourages recycling and recovery in waste management in terms of the economic and environmental benefits. 75% of municipal populations received wastewater treatment plant services in 2016.29 Wastewater Treatment Action Plans that cover the periods of 2008-2013 and 2015-2023 propose measures to increase effectiveness of wastewater management. 102 TURKEY’s 2nd VNR 2019 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS “Strong Ground towards Common Goals”
Air quality across the country is monitored via full-automatic
measurement stations. The number of air quality monitoring
stations increased from 36 in 2007 to 253 in 2017. Regional
clean air centres prepare local air quality action plans, and
develop air quality modelling infrastructures.
Kocaeli being the highest density of industrial facilities in
Turkey, air pollution type and amounts generated by industrial
facilities were identified; distribution modelling was conducted
for pollutants; air quality was monitored in identified areas
and it was ensured that industrial enterprises took necessary
measures.
Pursuant to a regulation that passed in 2017, green area
standard per capita in spatial plans was increased from
10 m2 to 15 m2. Local and provincial green areas have been
differentiated in this regulation and an approach for more
accessible green areas was adopted for urban population.
Different projects are being implemented and developed by
public entities especially on ensuring access to public services
for children and persons with disabilities.
Box 4. Esenler District Municipality Activities for Vulnerable
Istanbul Esenler District Municipality improved practices such as
tactile paving and audible warning systems in elevators in public
buildings, notably in the town hall and other buildings offering
social and cultural services to increase accessibility for citizens
with disabilities. In addition, Children’s Street and Children’s Town,
Children’s University projects for childern; Women’s Life Centre and
Mother-Child Campus, Mother’s University Certification Programme
and Rehabilitation Centres for women; Second Spring Coffee Houses
and Grandfather-Grandchild Life Centres projects for elderly, and
Life Button, Morale Team, Home Care and Home Service, Home
Cleaning Service, Cemil Meric Volunteers Read Books to Persons with
Disabilities for vulnerable groups have been implemented.
Esenler Municipality renovated a total of 136,769 m2 of sidewalk
areas on 130 avenues and streets for a smooth access of
disadvantaged groups to urban services and it aims to complete
this across the district by 2023 including tactile pavings for persons
with visual disabilities and wheelchair ramps for persons with
orthopaedic disabilities.
HOME-BASED DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, REHABILITATION, CARE,
ESCORT, EDUCATION, REFERRAL AND PATIENT TRANSPORT BY
AMBULANCE SERVICES FOR BEDRIDDEN PATIENTS IN SOCIO-
ECONOMIC POVERTY AND DEPRIVATION WITHIN BOUNDARIES OF
BURSA METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY
SDG Targets
1.3 - 1.a – 3.d-11.7
Executing Entity
Bursa Metropolitan Municipality
Start & End Dates
2015 - 2020
The project aims to provide diagnosis, treatment, care, education,
referral etc. services within the boundaries of Bursa Metropolitan
Municipality for patients who are in socio-economic poverty and
deprivation and unable to perform their daily activities on their own.
The following services were provided for 15,548 patients in 2015-
2019: 10,747 examinations by physio-therapy specialists; 34,601
examinations by medical doctors; 62,101 sessions of physio-
therapy and rehabilitation; 154,084 nurse calls; 109,366 instances
of care service; 14,148 sessions of psychological support; 16,625
social reviews; 64,150 instances of patient transport by ambulance,
totalling 466,283 instances of service delivered. The satisfaction
surveys since 2015 reveals 98% of satisfaction. In addition, many
medical equipment is provided for patients such as patient beds,
wheelchairs, oxygen cylinders and respiration device. The effective
home-based healthcare services prevented overloading of hospital
beds, reducing the psychological and socio-economic burden on
bedridden patients and families, preserving family unity through
monetary and non-monetary support to patients and families.
In terms of safe and affordable transport, significant
progress have been achieved in developing urban
transportation systems since 2000s. Eliminating traffic jams
and increasing traffic safety through Intelligent Transportation
Systems (ITS) in many cities, especially in metropolises
improved. In various cities rail system projects were
undertaken and bicycle lanes were installed. Bicycle renting
services were introduced in cities like Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli,
Kayseri and Konya. In cities with maritime transport options
infrastructure investments have been made.
The length of rail system completed in 2013-2018 was 160 km
which approximated the total line length to 700 km. A total
of 970 million passengers are carried annually by rail lines.
Central government also provides financial support for local
administrations’ rail system projects. As of the end of 2018,
public rail transport systems (subway, light rail system, trams)
are operated in 12 metropolises in Turkey. Although there
is progress in the field of urban rail systems, there is still a
significant need for development in large cities.
103
TURKEY’s 2nd VNR 2019
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
“Strong Ground towards Common Goals”
Despite the developments in physical infrastructure in transportation, traffic safety still continues to pose a serious issue. In 2017, on the road network of our country, a total of 1, 202,716 traffic accidents occurred, 1,020,047 of which resulted in material damage whereas 182,669 resulted in fatal injuries. 74.4% of traffic accidents resulted in 7,402 people death and 300,000 people injury occurred in settlement areas while 25.6% occurred outside settlement areas. Legal regulations have been passed in recent years which emphasise the priority of pedestrians and deter behaviours that jeopardise traffic safety to enhance road traffic safety. Have a Nice Class, Mr. Driver Project was introduced under the Traffic Responsibility Action initiated in 2010, to raise awareness on traffic safety, take measures to reduce fatalities, injuries, property damages caused by traffic accidents and enhance responsibility in traffic. The aim of the project is to increase the knowledge, skills and capacities of drivers transporting students under the Ministry of National Education on traffic safety, first-aid, communication and relevant legislation. To date, within the scope of the project implemented in 30 provinces, 28,000 drivers and nearly 17,000 students have been trained. The National Intelligent Transportation Systems Strategy (2014-2023) aims to utilise information and communication technologies in all transportation modes and access a safe, efficient, eco-friendly, sustainable and smart transportation network and thus facilitate passenger and cargo mobility. In terms of spatial planning and regional development, although the spatial plans which are the drivers of physical development of our cities, have been mostly completed during 2013-2018, our cities are yet to reach the desired level of quality of life. Coordination issues among implementation, monitoring and supervision of plans as well as between plans of different levels and increased changes in plans negatively affect the quality of life in cities. At the Council of Urbanisation which convened in 2017 to implement the New Urban Agenda adopted at Habitat III Conference, innovative, participatory, transparent and solution-oriented principles, new urban regeneration approach and social cohesion, strong local administrations and urbanisation practices have been identified under the themes of cities with identities. In Turkey, civil society is involved in urban planning and city management through City Councils. Currently, there are 68 City Councils. Regional planning works are initiated to reduce regional development disparities. 2014-2023 National Strategy for Regional Development (BGUS) was put into practice with the aim of identifying national level priorities and goals in terms of regional development and competitiveness. In 2010, a total of 26 Development Agencies were operationalised to mobilise the potential to reduce inter- and intra-regional disparities. GAP Regional Development Administration established in 1989, DAP, DOKAP and KOP Regional Development Administrations established in 2011 contribute to reduce regional development disparities. Regional plans prepared in line with BGUS are implemented under the coordination of development agencies while GAP, DAP, DOKAP and KOP action plans are being implemented under the coordination of regional development administrations. A total of 103.2 billion TL (18.8 billion USD) (in 2018 prices) was allocated to action plans during 2014- 2018. Projects, on infrastructure, urbanisation, tourism, environmental sustainability, human and social development, local institutional capacity building and agricultural irrigation have been implemented in these regions. Development Agencies provided financial and technical support programmes in line with regional plans’ priorities. Under these programmes, financial support schemes were implemented between 2008-2018 and a total of 7.3 billion TL (1.3 billion USD) of financial assistance at 2009 prices was allocated for 19,758 projects. In terms of protection of natural and cultural heritage, Turkey, located on lands on which many ancient towns and communities lived before, is strengthening efforts to safeguard its vast heritage resources’ wealth and bio-cultural diversity. As of 2019, Turkey has 18 cultural properties in the World Heritage List and 77 properties in the tentative list. The latest to be inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List as Turkey’s 18th asset in 2018 was Gobeklitepe Archaeological Site, which is one of the most important heritages of human history with its 12-thousand-year-old past and is considered to be the beginning point of history. 2019 was declared Gobeklitepe Year in Turkey. 10% of the property tax (approximately 100 million USD/ year in total) collected by local administrations, being the most important actors in protecting the cultural heritage, is allocated for protecting and benefiting from cultural heritage. In 2016, the ratio of total cultural expenses over Gross Domestic Product was 1.4%. 104 TURKEY’s 2nd VNR 2019 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS “Strong Ground towards Common Goals”