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in the third quarter of 2025. Prices decreased due to improved global supply prospects with expectation of global ample supply, strong production trends and favourable harvest prospects in key producing countries, particularly Brazil, India and Thailand. Likewise, when compared to the corresponding quarter of 2024, the index decreased by 15.7 percent.
Chapter 27: Mineral fuels, oils and product of their distillation
During the fourth quarter of 2025, the import price index for “Mineral fuels, oils, and product
of their distillation,” which contributes 23.8 percent to the total weight of the imported
commodities, decreased by 1.1 percent to 69.1 from 70.4 recorded in t he previous quarter.
This decrease was due to a weak global demand, expectations of a growing oil surplus, and
anticipated additional supply from OPEC+, which exerted downward pressure on world market
prices. Similarly, when compared to the same quarter la st year, the index decreased by 7.2
percent.
Chapter 30: Pharmaceutical products The index for "Pharmaceutical products," which carries a weight of 5.3 percent, recorded a modest decline of 0.3 percent in the fourth quarter of 2025, falling from 112.8 in the previous quarter to 112.5. On a year‑to‑year basis, the index also slipped sli ghtly, registering a 0.5 percent decrease compared with the corresponding quarter of 2024.
Chapter 31: Fertilisers The "Fertilisers" index, accounting for 2.4 percent of the total weight, decreased by 6.2 percent in the fourth quarter of 2025, reaching 90.4 from 96.4 recorded in the previous quarter. This downturn was largely attributed to increased global supply, subdued demand, seas onal influences, lower energy costs, and market corrections following earlier price surges. When compared to the corresponding quarter last year, the index registered a decrease of 0.7 percent.
Chapter 38: Miscellaneous chemical products The index for “Miscellaneous chemical products,” which accounts for 3.3 percent of the total weight, recorded a slight decline of 0.5 percent in the fourth quarter of 2025, easing from 84.4 in the previous quarter to 84.0. Likewise, when compared to the sa me quarter of 2024, the index decreased by 3.6 percent.
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Chapter 39: Plastics and articles thereof
The index for “Plastic and articles thereof,” which contributes 7.1 percent to the total weight
of imported commodities, declined by 4.0 percent in the fourth quarter to 82.2 from 85.6
recorded in the previous quarter. The decline was driven by an oversupp ly of plastic resins,
weaker demand from manufacturing sectors, lower feedstock costs, ample inventories, and
seasonal slowdowns in industrial activity. Compared with the same quarter of 2024, the index
registered a decrease of 4.3 percent.
Chapter 40: Rubber and articles thereof This chapter contributes 2.5 percent to the total weight of imported commodities. During the fourth quarter of 2025, the index decreased marginally by 0.3 percent to 109.0 from 109.3 recorded in the third quarter of 2025. However, when compared to the same quarter in the preceding year, the index increased by 2.6 percent.
Chapter 63: Other made-up Textile Articles; Sets; worn Clothing etc In the fourth quarter of 2025, the index for “Other made-up Textile Articles; set, worn clothing etc.,” which contributes 1.9 percent to the total weight of imported commodities, decreased by 1.6 percent to 110.6 from 112.4 recorded in the preceding quarte r. The performance was associated with weaker seasonal demand, stock clearance by traders and consumer spending on apparel. Likewise, when compared to the same quarter of 2024, the index decreased by 1.2 percent. Chapter 72: Iron and steel During the fourth quarter of 2025, the index for “Iron and steel,” which accounts for 7.0 percent of the total weight, increased marginally by 0.3 percent to 110.6 from 110.2 recorded in the third quarter of 2025. Corresponding to the same quarter last year, the index decreased by 1.3 percent.
Chapter 73: Articles of iron and steel This chapter contributes 4.4 percent of the total weight. In the fourth quarter of 2025, the index for “Articles of iron and steel” slightly decreased by 0.6 percent to 109.1 from 109.8 recorded in the preceding quarter. However, when compared to the corresponding quarter of 2024, the index increased by 2.1 percent.
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Chapter 84: Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliance and parts This chapter accounts for 13.6 percent of the total weight of imported commodities. During the fourth quarter of 2025, the index increased by 1.8 percent to 122.6 from 120.4 recorded in the previous quarter. The increase was associated with strong demand f rom industrial sectors together with higher import costs. Similarly, when compared to the corresponding quarter in 2024, the index increased by 4.1 percent.
Chapter 85: Electrical machinery equipment and parts thereof
The index for “Electrical machinery equipment and parts thereof,” accounting for 8.3 percent
of the total weight, increased by 2.0 percent to 107.7 during the fourth quarter, compared to
the 105.6 recorded in the third quarter of 2025. The performance was mainly attributed to
higher demand from construction and energy sectors. However, when compared to the
corresponding quarter of 2024, the index registered an increase of 5.7 percent.
Chapter 87: Vehicles other than railway/transport ways roll-stock
The index for “Vehicles other than railway/transport ways roll-stock,” which accounts for 10.8
percent of total weight, increased by 2.1 percent to 122.7 in the fourth quarter of 2025 from
120.2 recorded in the previous quarter. The increase was due to a shift in import composition
toward higher-value vehicles (e.g., larger -engine SUVs, trucks) combined with rising global
freight and logistics costs that pushed up CIF values. Likewise, when compared to the same
quarter in the previous year, the index increased by 4.2 percent.
Chapter 90: Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking,
precision, etc.
This chapter accounts for 2.1 percent of the total weight. In the fourth quarter of 2025, the
index slightly decreased by 0.5 percent, reaching 109.0 compared to 109.5 recorded in the
previous quarter. Additionally, when compared to the corresponding quarter in 2024, the index
recorded an increase of 0.7 percent.
Terms of Trade
The Terms of Trade Index is the ratio of the Export Price Index to the Import Price Index. The
Export Price Index was mainly influenced by the prices of gold, while the Import Price Index
was driven by the prices of plastics and sugar confectionery. Overal l, in the third quarter of
2025, the Terms of Trade remained favorable, increasing by 3 percentage points to 117.7 from
114.7 recorded in the second quarter of 2025 ( Table 3). This implies that for every unit of
goods exported, the country can obtain more units of imports.
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Table 3: Quarterly Terms of Trade (Q1 2023 = 100)
Q1=January-March, Q2=April-June, Q3=July-September, Q4=October-December XPI = Export Price Index MPI = Import Price Index ToT = Terms of Trade
Contact person: Statistician General National Bureau of Statistics