x become effective within the period of year 2022/23 - 2026/27. Special thanks should go to the Ministry of Finance and Planning, specifically Mr. Emmanuel Tutuba, the Permanent Secretary for his constructive guidance and directives during the entire period of the TSMP II strategic document development. Our sincere gratitude also goes to the World Bank, specifically Mr. Rob Swinkles for his commitment, cooperation, support and dedication of his valuable time to work with the TSMP II coordinating Team.
We would also like to convey our sincere gratitude to the International NSDS Consultant, Dr. Norah Madaya, and national consultants, Mr. Servus Sagday and Mr. Obey Nkya for providing constructive guidance, technical support, insights and backstopping missions during the process of developing the TSMP II.
Furthermore, we acknowledge the contribution of all stakeholders including MDAs, LGAs, NSAs and various development partners who were consulted and provided valuable inputs which enabled the preparation of this document. We also take this opportunity to express our gratitude to NBS and OCGS Governing Boards as well as the management and staff for their constructive managerial role and support. Finally, we would like in a special way to thank the TSMP II designing team under coordination of Mr. James Ezekiel Mbongo in Tanzania Mainland and Ali Idrisa Shamte from Zanzibar, for their hardworking, tolerance as well as commitment throughout the design process to completion of this strategic document.
To all we say: we now have the document, let us implement it for better statistics!
........................................... Dr. Albina Chuwa, Statistician General, National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania.
…………………………………….. Ms. Mashavu Omar, Acting Chief Government Statistician, Office of the Chief Government Statistician, Zanzibar.
xi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Government of the United Republic of Tanzania through the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and the Office of the Chief Government Statistician - Zanzibar (OCGS), in collaboration with key statistical stakeholders, developed and successfully implemented its first five-year Tanzania Statistical Master Plan (TSMP I) - 2011/12 - 2015/16). However, the Plan implementation was extended by two years from 2016/17 to 2017/18). Among other factors, the delay was due to challenges at the start of the construction activities which necessitated allowance for completion of the two Statistics Office premises for Tanzania Mainland and Tanzania Zanzibar.
The main objective of TSMP I was to strengthen the National Statistical System (NSS) in Tanzania to enable it produce quality statistics for decision making in an objective, timely, and cost- effective manner.
The TSMP I had the following components: - i. Institutional Development and Legal Reform, ii. Human Resource Development, iii. Development of Statistical Infrastructure, iv. Data Development and Dissemination, and v. Physical Infrastructure and Equipment.
The TSMP I enabled the Government to access data for monitoring national development programs including the First and Second Five Year Development Plans (FYDP -I & II), the Zanzibar development initiatives, namely the Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (ZSGRP) popularly known as MKUZA. The TSMP I also facilitated monitoring and reporting of regional and global development frameworks such as Africa Agenda 2063 and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) respectively.
Implementation of the TSMP I marked major achievements ever in the area of statistical development in Tanzania. These achievements include: - strengthened legal and institutional framework of National Statistical System (NSS); strengthened coordination and harmonization
xii and established collaborative linkages between NBS, OCGS and MDAs; improved human resource capacity; timely undertaking and dissemination of major statistical surveys and censuses; and improved physical and ICT infrastructure.
Despite these successes, there are a number of challenges that were encountered in implementation of TSMP I. These serve as lessons to the design and implementation of the TSMP II. The challenges include: - weak coordination among data producers and users; incomplete development of routine data system; and absence of Statistics Units in most Ministries, Departments and Agencies.
The Government embarked on developing TSMP II (2022/23 - 2026/27) to succeed TSMP I. The TSMP II is designed to maintain and sustain achievements made and address challenges encountered during implementation of TSMP I, and embrace changes on the statistical landscape for transforming and modernizing the national Statistical System. The Plan provides a comprehensive framework aiming at addressing challenges in broad statistical components, namely: - harmonization, quality and data dissemination; data production; and infrastructure and institutional development. Each of these components is made up of several strategic objectives, main targets, results and interventions. Statistical activities in these components aims at providing information that will facilitate monitoring the social and economic progress towards aspirations of FYDP III and other regional and global development agenda, such as EAC Vision 2050, Africa Agenda 2063 and SDGs 2030.
Harmonization, Quality and Dissemination of Data This component is aimed at improving statistical harmonization through enhancing statistical coordination, dissemination to increase access and responsive data uptake, and use at all levels in the national statistical system as well as capacitating human resources. Emerging technologies, development of new analysis tools and packages call for sustainable human capacity building. Therefore, skills and competences of personnel involved in statistical production need to be regularly upgraded.
xiii
Data production
This component is aimed at enhancing policy dialogue. It gives data production its centrality in
planning, policy formulatio n and decis ion-making processes. To meet diverse data demands ,
emphasis is given to harnessing the use of non -traditional data sources (big data a nd Cit izen
Generated Data) and maximizing the use of administrati ve data to compliment traditional
sources suc h as census es and surveys. It also emphasizes the need for improving sampling
frames for estab lishments and implementation of hous ehold-based surv eys as well as
development and effective usage of business regist ers, and spatial data systems. This
component illustrates the data magnitude and its comprehensiveness towards the development
of effective plans and policies.
Infrastructure & Institutional Development
This component addresses challenges of statistical and physical infrastructure and institutional
development. Statistical infrastructure marked as the vital foundation that determine the
quality, effectiveness, reliability, efficiency on statistical processing, production, data
management, as well as dissemination. The need to improve statistical infrastructure including
revision of statistics legislations to align legal instruments within NSS, construction of Statistics
Offices, ICT equipment such as modern computers and interoperable databases in NSS, website,
social media, data web remain the fundamental phenomena in operation of modern statistical
systems. Also, statistical development highly depends on the magnitude of the institutional
capacity and management on harnessing statistical development. These include the
strengthening human capital, management, operating and working facilities as well as statistical
infrastructure.
Implementation of TSMP II is instituted in the regular government structure and procedures and will be governed at four levels namely: - the Joint Steering Committee, the Joint Technical Committee, Coordination Team (the Secretariat) and Sector Working Group Committee. These Committees have diverse membership from MDAs to CSOs and the Private Sector.
xiv The five-year TSMP II implementation is coordinated by NBS and OCGS in close collaboration with key NSS players starting from year 2022/23 to 2026/27. The implementation of TSMP II activities is guided by logical framework with objectives, strategies, milestones, interventions.
The TSMP II is funded by the Government and support from Development Partners in the form of Grants and Loans. It is estimated that, implementation of TSMP II requires a total of USD 384.0 Million spanning over the period of five years (rounded to one decimal place). Out of total estimated budget, USD 218.4 million (56.9%) will be financed by the Government of Tanzania, USD 83.6 million (21.8%) by Other Development Partners and USD 82.0 million (21.4%) will be financed by the World Bank estimated. PHC 2022 accounts for USD 272.0 million out of the estimated TSMP II budget. Moreover, the estimated Budget for Tanzania Mainland stands at USD 371.8 million (USD 72.6 million from WB) and Tanzania Zanzibar at USD 12.2 million (9.4 million from WB). Furthermore, the European Union (EU) will support TSMP II capacity building through donor executed modality.
The TSMP II is a living Plan whose activities will be continuously monitored and reports produced on regular basis as per Advance Release Calendar and potential gaps improved. There shall be a Project monitoring and evaluation team responsible for delivering quarterly and annual project implementation reports. There shall be midterm evaluation and end term evaluation of the project.
1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRO DUCTION AND BACKGROU ND
1.0 OVERVIEW
The global niche for evidence-based decision-making and measurement of development results
has created an impetus for countries to embrace and set statistical strategies that will facilitate
effective response to evolving and emerging data user needs. The government of the United
Republic of Tanzania has designed this second National Strategy for Development of Statistics
also known as Tanzania Statistical Master Plan (TSMP II2022/23-2026/27). The TSMP II is a five-
year statistical plan that describes program components and interventions expected to be
implemented over this period. It addresses unmet data, capacity needs and pending issues from
the predecessor Plan, TSMP I (2011/12-2017/18).
1.1 BACKGROUND
Good statistics facilitate evidence-based policy formulation, planning, monitoring and
evaluation which are key in realization of development aspirations. Therefore, national, regional
and international development frameworks thrive on availability of official statistics for
benchmarking and indicators to show milestones achieved. The National Bureau of Statistics
(NBS) and the Office of the Chief Government Statistician - Zanzibar (OCGS), as the mandated
oversight institutions for producing statistics in the country acknowledge the importance of
providing relevant and quality statistics to users.
1.1.1 ABOUT TANZANIA
The United Republic of Tanzania (URT) was formed on 26th April 1964 as a union of two
sovereign states, the then Republic of Tanganyika and People Republic of Zanzibar. The country
is situated in the eastern part of Africa at 290º and 410º East and latitude 10º and 120º South;
occupying a total area of 945,087 square kilometers (364,900 square miles). Tanzania shares
borders with eight countries: Kenya and Uganda to the north; Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic
Republic of Congo and Zambia to the west; Malawi and Mozambique to the south and Indian
Ocean to the East. Tanzania Zanzibar, which comprises of Unguja and Pemba Islands, with an
area of 2,654 square kilometers (1,024 square miles), is situated in the Indian Ocean about 30
kilometers east of Tanzania Mainland.
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Most of Tanzania lies 200 meters above sea level with the Kibo Peak on Mount Kilimanjaro at
5,895 meters being the highest point in Africa. Administratively, Tanzania is divided into thirty-
one regions; twenty-six regions in Tanzania Mainland and five in Tanzania Zanzibar. There are
196 councils of which 185 councils are in Tanzania Mainland and 11 councils in Tanzania
Zanzibar. The population is projected at 59.4 million in 2021. Kiswahili is the national language;
with English as a second language. The average life expectancy is estimated at 65 years
(63 years for males and 67 years for females).
Tanzania is predominantly an agricultural economy with agriculture being the source of
livelihoods for over 60 percent of the population. For both Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar, the
economy has been growing at an impressive rate of 7 per cent per annum on average over the
last 10 years. In Zanzibar, the services sector is the largest contributor to Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) largely driven by tourism, whereby in 2018 this sector made up 51 percent of
GDP. The nominal GDP per capita was estimated at USD 1,157 for Tanzania Mainland and USD
1,033 for Zanzibar in 2020. The Tanzanian Shilling (TZS) is the official currency (United States
Dollar exchange rate is at around 1: 2,300 in 2021).
Furthermore, Tanzania is home to a number of renowned tourist attractions including, Africa’s
and the world’s highest freestanding snow-capped mountain, Mount Kilimanjaro, astride the
Equator; and world-famous wildlife riches of the Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro
Crater; and Zanzibar Stone Town, which is one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
1.1.2 POLITICAL ECONOMY F OR STATISTICAL DEVEL OPMEN T IN TANZANIA
Statistical development in Tanzania is enabled by the socio-economic needs which present an
increasing demand for quality and timely statistics. The statistical landscape has always
reflected policies and programs that are adopted by presiding political direction, as a result
statistical evolution have been largely supported by government. This has, inter alia compelled
NBS, OCGS and other government agencies to improve statistical capacity, structures and
systems for production of reliable statistics. It has also driven positive action to adhere to
international statistical standards such as UN System of National Accounts, the IMF General
Data Dissemination System (GDDS) and Special Data Dissemination System (SDDS). NBS and
OCGS and other data producers are embracing innovative solutions and infrastructure brought
about by the data revolution to produce real time data and increasingly address access and
institutional environments for production statistics.
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1.1.3
TREND OF STATISTICAL PLANNING IN TANZANIA
Statistical planning in Tanzania has adopted different approaches over time depending on
national development prioritization. Prior to 2000, statistical planning was directed towards
economic crisis and reforms, sectoral planning and development programmes needs. The
production of statistics was financed through project approach whereby individual development
partners expressed interest to fund specific statistical areas or activities.
Between 2000/01 and 2008/09, development of statistics in Tanzania was largely implemented
through the Poverty Monitoring Master Plan, where most surveys and Censuses were funded by
Poverty Monitoring Pool Fund. Statistical activities were linked to data needs of the Poverty
Reduction Strategy (PRS) implemented from 2000/01 - 2003/04 and the National Strategy for
Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP), popularly known as MKUKUTA implemented
between 2004/05 to 2009/10.
The Poverty Monitoring Master Plan was succeeded by the first Tanzania Statistical Master Plan (TSMP I). Data needs were by then from the second phase MKUKUTA and the first Five Year Development Plan (FYDP I) implemented from 2010 – 2016. However, parallel projects were implemented under the support of Development Partners who expressed specific interest and were not willing to join the Pool Fund Facility for statistical activities.
In Zanzibar, statistical activities were largely supported by development partners in the form of capacity building, where UNDP was the leading agency in early 2000. In mid-2000, further support in the form of grants was received by OCGS from Africa Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF), which complemented the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar (RGoZ) to further build capacity of OCGS. Subsequently, the support from ACBF through what was named Zanzibar Statistical System Capacity Building Project (ZANSTAT) marked the beginning of TSMP I, which was the initial effort for harmonization of statistics within the country to produce statistics that are representative of United Republic of Tanzania (URT).
The Government of United Republic of Tanzania objectively endorsed statistical planning as means of setting directions for strengthening statistical production. The first attempt of National Statistics Development Strategy (NSDS) was the Tanzania Statistical Master Plan I (TSMP I) implemented between 2011/12-2017/18. The plan was funded through a basket