86
Population & Housing Census-2023
Table 4.7: Percentage of Housing Units by Source of Drinking Water and Rural/Urban, Census-2017
and 2023
Sources of Drinking
Water
2017
2023
All Areas
Rural
Urban
All Areas
Rural
Urban
Inside the House
263,640
133,006
130,634
241,339
135,915
105,424
79.37 80.88 77.90 58.72 60.13 56.99 Tap Water 41.71 30.43 53.20 31.27 25.46 38.76 Motor Pump / Hand Pump(Bore Hole) 44.13 51.28 36.85 64.39 69.76 57.48 Protected Well 4.23 6.26 2.17 2.61 3.19 1.87 Unprotected Well 0.70 0.60 0.81 0.09 0.11 0.06 Others 9.22 11.63 6.97 1.64 1.48 1.83 Outside the House 68,505 31,444 37,061 169,654 90,10 79,54
20.63 19.12 22.10 41.28 39.87 43.01 Tap Water 17.68 14.78 20.15 14.79 17.62 11.58 Motor Pump/Hand Pump (Bore Hole) 33.38 29.99 36.25 26.43 28.66 23.90 Protected Well 8.44 14.54 3.27 3.82 5.07 2.40 Unprotected Well 2.79 3.94 1.81 0.78 1.26 0.24 Bottled Water*
6.46 4.71 8.44 Spring 1.94 2.98 1.07 1.47 1.27 1.71 Filtration Plant*
0.03 0.03 0.04 Tanker/Water Bearer*
27.51 23.79 31.73 Canal/River/Pond 0.14 0.19 0.10 15.23 13.71 16.95 Others 35.63 33.59 37.36 3.47 3.88 3.00 Number of Households 332,145 164,450 167,695 410,993 226,022 184,971 *The category “Bottled Water”, “Filtration Plant” and “Tanker/Water Bearer” was added in Census-2023. Figure 4.4: Housing Units by Drinking Water Inside, Census-2023
0.96 0.05 1.54 37.81 18.36 Others Unprotected well Protected well Electric/Hand Pump Tap
87
Population & Housing Census-2023 Figure 4.5: Housing Units by Drinking Water Outside , Census-2023
4.3.2 Source of Lighting
In Census 2023 along with other sources, solar panels source is also included to assess the main sources of
electricity. Solar energy is environmentally friendly technology, a great energy supply and one of the most
significant renewable and green energy sources. Solar lighting plays a vital role in nation development by
providing energy access to remote communities, powering essential services like healthcare and education, and
reducing reliance on fossil fuels as well as boosts economic growth by creating jobs in the solar industry and
reducing energy costs for businesses and households. Additionally, solar lighting enhances energy security,
mitigates climate change, and supports sustainable development goals. Electricity is the major source of
lighting in the district.
It is observed that 96.68% of houses all over the district has reported electricity as main source
of lighting in Census-2023 shows increasing trend as compared to 97.38% in Census 2017. It seems that
in Census 2017 due to the non-availability of Solar panel codes the response regarding solar panels was
recorded in electricity, as the difference between electricity and solar panel in 2017 and 2023 is now
clearly evident in solar panel along with other usage. The availability of electricity in urban areas is
higher with 94.98% as compared to 98.07% in rural areas. The solar panel has shown more usage in
urban areas then rural areas with 3.43% and 1.20% respectively, may be due to non -availability of
electricity in that area.
A significant decline has been observed in the use of Kerosene Oil as a source of lighting which was
reported as 0.48% in Census-2017 to 0.15% in Census-2023. This decrease has also been seen in rural and
urban areas of the district. Moreover, the percentage of use of other sources of lighting covered under the
category of others has decreased from 2.06% in Census-2017 to 0.93% in Census-2023.
96.68% 2.20% 0.15% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.91
Electricity Solar Panel Kerosene Oil Gas Lamp Generator Bio Gas Others 1.43 6.29 11.36 0.01 0.61 2.67 0.32 1.58 10.91 6.10 Others Canal/River/Pond Tanker/Water Bearer Filtration Plant Spring Bottled Water Unprotected well Protected Well Electric/Hand pump Tap
88
Population & Housing Census-2023 Table 4.8: Percentage of Housing Units by Sources of Lighting and Rural/Urban, Census-2017 and 2023 Source of Lighting 2017 2023 All Areas Rural Urban All Areas Rural Urban Electricity Number 323,442 162,098 161,344 397,365 221,669 175,689 Percent 97.38 98.57 96.21 96.68 98.07 94.98 Solar Panel* Number
9,055 2,710 6,345 Percent
2.20 1.20 3.43 Kerosene Oil Number 1,605 768 837 625 340 285 Percent 0.48 0.47 0.50 0.15 0.015 0.15 Gas Lamp Number 266 102 164 50 26 24 Percent 0.008 0.06 0.10 0.01 0.01 0.01 Generator* Number
74 32 42 Percent
0.02 0.01 0.02 Others Number 6,832 1,482 5,350 3,831 1,245 2,586 Percent 2.06 0.90 3.19 0.93 0.55 1.40 Number of Households 332,145 164,450 167,695 410,993 226,022 184,971 *Solar Panel, Generator and Biogas were not included in Census-2023 4.3.3 Fuel Used for Cooking In the Census-2023 Gas with 61.54% has been reported as the major source of fuel used for cooking as shown in Table 4.9. The use of gas is higher in urban areas with 66.01% as compared to 57.88% in rural areas. In Pakistan as whole Firewood is used widely, similarly in Islamabad. Firewood is being used by 13.16% of housing units in Census-2023 which has showing decline as compared to 21.79% in Census- 2017. Its share is lower with 11.89% in rural areas and 14.72% in urban areas. The categories of Dung cake, LPG/LNG (Cylinder), Biogas and Electricity have been included in Census-2023 their respective use is very nominal with 0.05%, 24.31%, 0.13%, and 0.05% respectively. The use of other sources of cooking fuel has also decreased from 12.66% reported in Census 2017 to 0.70% in Census-2023. 13.16% 61.54% 24.31% 0.06% 0.05% 0.13% 0.05% 0.70%
Wood Sui Gas LPG/LNG Kerosene Oil Electricity Bio Gas Dung Cake Others
89
Population & Housing Census-2023 Table 4.9: Percentage of Housing Units by Sources of Cooking Fuel Used and Rural/Urban, Census- 2017 and 2023 Source of Lighting 2017 2023 All Areas Rural Urban All Areas Rural Urban Wood Number 72,360 38,159 34,201 54,101 26,879 27,222 Percent 21.79 23.20 20.39 13.16 11.89 14.72 Sui Gas Number 217,051 96,479 120,572 252,912 130,811 122,101 Percent 65.35 58.67 71.90 61.54 57.88 66.01 LPG/LNG (Cylinder)* Number
99,909 66,283 33,626 Percent
24.31 29.33 18.18 Kerosene Oil Number 675 437 238 250 152 98 Percent 0.20 0.27 0.14 0.06 0.07 0.05 Electricity* Number
214 103 111 Percent
0.05 0.05 0.05 Bio Gas* Number
516 48 468 Percent
0.13 0.02 0.25 Dung Cake* Number
225 90 135 Percent
`0.05
0.04
0.07
Others
Number
42,059
29,375
12,684
2,866
1,656
1,210
Percent
12.66
17.86
7.56
0.70
0.73
0.65
Number of Households
332,145
164,450
167,695
410,993
226,022
184,971
*LPG/LNG (Cylinder), Electricity, Biogas and Dung Cake were not included in Census-2017
4.3.4 Availability of Kitchen, Bathroom and Toilet Facilities
The information on the availability of kitchen, bathroom, and Toilet facilities within the premises of
housing units was also collected in the Census-2023 as shown in Table 4.10.
Kitchen: The Census-2023 results show that 85.04% of the housing units in ICT have a separate kitchen.
Separate kitchen is more prevalent in rural areas (87.73%) than in urban areas (81.75%). The facility of
shared kitchen is available to 11.13% of housing units in Census-2023, which has decreased from
13.56% reported in Census-2017. Moreover, 3.83% of housing units have no kitchen facility in the ICT,
with bifurcation of 3.41% in rural and 4.35% in urban areas.
Bathroom: The availability of separate bathroom facility has been reported by 87.93% of the total
housing units in Census-2023, showing an increase from 83.73% reported in Census-2017. The
availability of separate bathroom is more common in urban areas at 88.14% as compared to rural areas
at 87.77%. The shared bathroom facility has decreased from 13.43% in Census-2017 to 8.33% in Census-
2023. Shared bathrooms are more common in the housing units of urban area at 8.87% as compared to
7.89% in rural areas. Moreover, 3.74% of the housing units have no bathroom facility, while 4.34% of
housing units have no such facility in rural areas compared to 2.99% in urban areas. In Census-2017,
2.84% of housing units had reported not having a bathroom facility, which has an increase in Census-
2023 to 3.74% of housing units.
Toilet: The availability of toilet facility in housing units in the Census-2017 was assessed as either the
housing unit having separate, shared or no toilet facility. In Census-2023, information was collected,
90
Population & Housing Census-2023
whether the Toilet was either connected with sewerage system, connected with septic tank, connected
with open drain, pit with slab, other, or none of these options. The results show that 70.77% of the
housing units have toilets connected with sewerage, being 72.67% in urban areas and 69.20% in rural
areas. Moreover, 16.80% of housing units have reported having toilets connected with septic tanks, with
the incidence higher in rural areas i.e. 19.90% as compared to urban areas i.e. 13.03%, and 4.67% of
housing units have their toilets connected with open drain. Furthermore, 5.22% housing units have the
toilet facility as pit with slab type with higher incidence in urban areas i.e. 6.19% as compared to 4.43%
in rural areas and also, 2.22% of housing units reported their toilet facility to fall under the category
“other”. Lastly, 1.00% of housing units have reported as not having any toilet facility (Table 4.10). The
dry raised Toilet and dry pit Toilet was included in Census 2023 and the values reported are 0.14% and
0.18% respectively.
It may be noted that 1% of housing units reported not having any Toilet facility in Census-2023
compared to prevalence of 1.67% in Census-2017, indicating a greater improvement in housing facilities.
In urban areas, the proportion of housing units with no Toilet facility has reduced to as low as 0.55% in
2023 compared with 1.88% in 2017. Correspondingly, this proportion has reduced from 1.46% to 1.09%
in rural areas during the same period. This indicates that availability of Toilet facility at households level
has increased in both urban and rural areas in Census-2023, but more so in rural areas where about
98.91% of housing units have reported having Toilet facility (Table 4.10).
Table 4.10: Percentage of Housing Units Having Kitchen, Bathroom and Toilet Facilities and
Rural/Urban, Census-2017 And 2023
Housing Facilities
2017
2023
All Areas Rural Urban All Areas Rural Urban Kitchen All 100 100 100 100 100 100 Separate 82.25 83.89 80.55 85.04 87.73 81.75 Shared 13.56 12.19 14.91 11.13 8.86 13.90 None 4.19 3.84 4.54 3.83 3.41 4.35 Bathroom All 100 100 100 100 100 100 Separate 83.73 86.13 81.38 87.93 87.77 88.14 Shared 13.43 11.33 15.5 8.33 7.89 8.87 None 2.84 2.55 3.13 3.74 4.34 2.99 Toilet Toilet (Flush) 100 100 100 100 100 100 Connected with Sewerage 63.74 55.29 72.03 70.77 69.20 72.67 Connected with Septic Tank 10.84 15.43 6.35 16.80 19.90 13.03 Connected with Open Drain 7.72 10.37 5.11 4.67 4.24 5.20 Pit with Slab 14.84 16.37 13.33 5.22 4.43 6.19 Toilet (Non-Flush)
Dry Raised Toilet*
0.14 0.11 0.17 Dry Pit Toilet*
0.18 0.19 0.17 Other 1.19 1.08 1.29 2.22 1.93 2.57 Toilet Availability (Separate + Shared) 98.33 98.54 98.12 99.00 98.91 99.11 None (No Toilet) 1.67 1.46 1.88 1.00 1.09 0.89 Number of Housing Units 332,145 164,450 167,695 410,993 226,022 184,971