National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 Table 5. Federal budget authority for National defense (050) R&D and R&D plant: FYs 2024–26 (Millions of dollars and percent change) Budget function and agency 2024 actual ($millions) 2025 preliminarya ($millions) 2026 proposed ($millions) 2024–25 (% change) 2025–26 (% change) R&D and R&D plant 105,686 96,695 93,385 -8.5 -3.4 Department of Defense, military (051) 98,989 90,648 88,029 -8.4 -2.9 R&D within RDT&E accounts 96,675 89,159 85,964 -7.8 -3.6 Defense agencies 24,023 23,091 22,633 -3.9 -2.0 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency 4,388 4,146 4,566 -5.5 10.1 Missile Defense Agency 8,721 8,017 7,963 -8.1 -0.7 Other defense agencies 10,913 10,929 10,103 0.1 -7.6 Department of the Air Force 24,175 22,075 22,374 -8.7 1.4 Space Force 11,104 11,243 9,677 1.2 -13.9 Department of the Army 15,760 13,075 12,343 -17.0 -5.6 Department of the Navy 21,275 19,326 18,589 -9.2 -3.8 Operational Test and Evaluation 337 349 349 3.3 0.0 Other military fundingb 2,314 1,489 2,065 -35.7 38.7 Atomic energy defense activities (053) 6,690 6,029 5,356 -9.9 -11.2 Department of Energy 6,690 6,029 5,356 -9.9 -11.2 Defense environmental cleanup 36 39 19 8.3 -51.3 Naval reactors development 1,213 1,152 1,570 -5.0 36.3 Nonproliferation 433 416 369 -3.9 -11.3 Weapons activities 5,008 4,422 3,398 -11.7 -23.2 Defense-related activities (054) 7 18 0 157.1 -100.0 Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation 8 17 0 112.5 -100.0 Department of Homeland Security, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency -1 1 0 -200.0 -100.0 R&D 95,870 89,745 83,071 -6.4 -7.4 Department of Defense, military (051) 90,312 84,557 79,055 -6.4 -6.5 R&D within RDT&E accounts 88,219 83,182 77,104 -5.7 -7.3 Defense agencies 21,949 21,036 20,600 -4.2 -2.1 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency 4,388 4,146 4,566 -5.5 10.1 Missile Defense Agency 8,721 8,017 7,963 -8.1 -0.7 Other defense agencies 10,571 9,110 8,368 -13.8 -8.1 Department of the Air Force 20,639 20,409 18,570 -1.1 -9.0 Space Force 11,108 10,894 9,677 -1.9 -11.2 Department of the Army 14,058 11,762 10,387 -16.3 -11.7 Department of the Navy 20,127 18,732 17,521 -6.9 -6.5 Operational Test and Evaluation 337 349 349 3.3 0.0 Other military fundingb 2,093 1,375 1,951 -34.3 41.9 Atomic energy defense activities (053) 5,551 5,170 4,016 -6.9 -22.3 Department of Energy 5,551 5,170 4,016 -6.9 -22.3 Defense environmental cleanup 36 39 19 8.3 -51.3 Naval reactors development 958 905 970 -5.5 7.2 Nonproliferation 398 393 346 -1.3 -12.0 Weapons activities 4,159 3,833 2,681 -7.8 -30.1 Defense-related activities (054) 7 18 0 157.1 -100.0 Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation 8 17 0 112.5 -100.0 Department of Homeland Security, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency -1 1 0 -200.0 -100.0
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | NSF 26-309 RDT&E = research, development, test, and evaluation. a The preliminary data available from the agencies for FY 2025 at the time of this report reflect mainly the annualized continuing resolution funding levels that existed through early March 2025, which were later extended by a continuing resolution to the end of FY 2025. It does not include any funding received through reconciliation. b Other military funding includes appropriate personnel costs in direct support of conduct of R&D, other appropriations funding certain Department of Defense programs, and medical research funded outside RDT&E accounts. Note(s): Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Percent change is calculated on unrounded data. Source(s): Agencies' submissions to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) per MAX Schedule C, agencies' budget justification documents, supplemental data obtained from agencies' budget offices, and Executive Office of the President, OMB, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2026.