18 and its national and international endeavors. After the adoption of SDGs, Government of Turkey conducted a rapid screening of the recent 10 th Development Plan for looking at the consistency with SDGs. Although there is a need to explore what the global goals and targets mean in Turkey’s particular development policy environment, that preliminary analysis confirms a high degree of consistency between 10th Development Plan and the SDGs. In the box below t he public policies of the 10 th Development Plan have been categorized in the form of specific “goal”s for providing an instant idea about Turkey’s national agenda. Box 2: Consistency of SDGs and 10th National Development Plan of Turkey Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere The plan aims at decreasing the absolute poverty to negligible levels and focusing on relative poverty. By ensuring easier access of the population segments that are under the risk of poverty and social exclusion to the opportunities, and by enhancing their participation to economic and social life, alleviating poverty may be fought in a systematic way. As for the needs of families, it is aimed to conduct the establishment of a supply-oriented and employment-linked system in the field of social services in an integrated way. Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture The Plan also aims at creating an agriculture sector that provides sufficient and balanced nutritio n for the society, by utilizing advanced technologies , resolving infrastructural problems, and building up effective organization and high productivity in a sustainable manner.Effective stock managementand diminishing the losses along the production, marketing and consumption chain are plannedIn order to ensure food security . Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages Encouraging healthy life-style and providing more accessible, convenient, effective and efficient health care services constitute another item of the Plan. Developing patients’ and health professionals’ safety and contentment is an important objective for healthcare provision. In order to provide effective and rational use of drugs, health service providers and citizens should be trained with the purpose of reaching wider awareness in the implementation period of the Plan. 19 Box 2: Consistency of SDGs and 10th National Development Plan of Turkey (cont’d) Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all Ensuring full access to primary and secondary education, especially for disabled and female students is one of the main objectives of the Plan. Between the years 2014- 2018, social, mental, emotional and physical development of students will be expanded in a way that facilitates the access of disadvantaged families and regions to educational opportunities. In addition to this, quality-oriented transformation in the education system, strengthening compliance with the labor market within the framework of lifelong learning and an educational perspective based on equality of opportunity will continue in the implementation period of the Plan. Increasing the enrolment and attendance rates of girls, increasing the participation of youth who are not in education or employment to economic and social life are also targeted in the Plan. Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls In terms of gender equality, the main objectives of the Plan are to empower women in all aspects of social, economic and cultural life, to improve the status of family and to strengthen social integration. Further involvement of women in decision-making processes, increasing their employment, education and skills level will be ensured in the Plan period. In order to eliminate discrimination and violence against women, increasing the level of social consciousness with formal and informal education particularly starting from the early childhood is aimed. Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all Another objective of the Plan is to ensure public access to healthy, safe, drinkable and usable water. All of the requirements of settlements for drinkable and usable water be met, non-revenue water will be prevented, healthy and environment friendly material usage will be popularized through the improvement of current networks during the Plan period. The Plan also focuses on improving sanitation and wastewater treatment infrastructures in cities and encouraging reuse of treated wastewater. Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all The main objective of the Plan is to reach a competitive energy system that exploits domestic and renewable energy resources to the highest possible extent, to support the reduction of energy intensity of the economy, and to minimize waste and environmental effects of energy for a continuous, qualified, secure, minimum-cost energy to the end-user in energy supply. Within the period of the Plan, efficient use of energy in all sectors will be ensured and the ratio of loss and illegal use of electricity will be reduced to minimum.
20 Box 2: Consistency of SDGs and 10th National Development Plan of Turkey (cont’d) Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all One of the main objectives of the Plan is to accelerate the increase in welfare and ensure a high and stable growth with a long term perspective. The main strategy for high and stable growth is developing the private sector -led, open and competitive production structure. The main objective is to form a labor market in which decent job opportunities are provided to all segments of the society, skills of the labor force are upgraded and utilized e ffectively, gender equality and occupational health and safety conditions are ameliorated and flexicurity is embraced. Taking into account requirements of decent work, working conditions will be improved and wage - productivity relationship will be strengthened in the implementation period of the Plan. Moreover, it is planned to eliminate children’s deprivation stemming from poverty, to increase the enrollment and participation of youth, especially girls, in education and employment. For a sustained, inclusi ve and sustainable economic growth, green growth approach is aimed to be ensured through exploiting potentials of environment friendly approaches in terms of new job opportunities, income sources, product and technology development in areas like energy, in dustry, agriculture, transport, construction, services and urbanization. Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation In the Plan, green growth opportunities on many areas , specifically in areas such as industry, energy, agriculture, transportation, construction, services and urbanization , are aimed. And new business areas, R&D and innovation that provide environment sensitive economic growth will be supported in the Plan p eriod. In order to develop internationally competitive and high value added new sectors, products and brands; R&D and innovation programs are aimed to be implemented. Increasing awareness about economic and social benefits of use of ICT and developing the skills related to these technologies are the main objectives in the Plan. Moreover, a transformation in the manufacturing industry is planned , with special emphasis placed upon innovativeness and corporate capabilities, effective contribution of regions to national productive activity, effective collaboration among sectors, green technology and sustainable production. Increasing productivity and domestic share in value added sectors is targeted by means of developing greener production capacity in the Plan. 21 Box 2: Consistency of SDGs and 10th National Development Plan of Turkey (cont’d) Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries In the Plan, by ensuring that the population segments under risk of poverty and social exclusion may achieve easier access to opportunities, by enhancing their participation in economic and social life, increasing their quality of life and improving income distribution and alleviating poverty are the main objectives. Specifically, income distribution equality that reduces the heavy burden of taxes andopportunities for social transfers are aimed to be increased. As stated in the Constitution, guaranteeing fundamental rights and freedoms of all citizens and non -discrimination on the basis of gender, age, race, language, color, philosophical view, religion, sect, health condition, income, nationality, ethnic origin, immigration status and political views areregarded as essential elements of the Plan. Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable The issue of sustainable human settlement has a high level of importance for the implementation of the Plan. Policies are related to b oth urban and rural settlements and buildings; urban transformation, housing standards, disaster risk management and urban architecture issues are highlighted to achieve sustainable living areas in the Plan. Providing livable spaces with higher standards that conform to geographic conditions, preserving urban-rural differentiation, historical,cultural and environmental values; having larger public spaces in order to meet the needs of people and the society, are the main goals. Required measures will be taken in order to meet the basic housing needs of the people, especially for those with low income, and alternative and sound solutions will be developed for the housing problems throughout the Plan. Providing high standard of livable spaces, increasing public spaces that meet the needs of society are also covered asimportant targets. In the Plan, it is aimed to upgrade design and construction standards for building structures that are user - oriented, safe, environment friendly, energy-efficient and architecturally aesthetic. In urban transport, utilization of information technologies and intelligent transport systems in traffic management is targeted. Strengthening the implementation mechanisms that will reduce disaster risks and building resilient buildings and infrastructure areother significant objectives to be listed. Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns The Plan sets a specific objective on sustainable consumption and production issue s. In order to support sustainable production and consumption, environment friendly products will be encouraged in public procurement through out the Plan. In order to foster innovation and green manufacturing capacities of domestic firms, public procurement is to be used as an effective tool. Practices towards improving environmental conscious ness, especially protection of nature and support of sustainable consumption will be promoted between the years 2014 -2018. Environmental sensitivity and life quality are planned to be improved with practices such as waste and emission reduction, energy, wa ter and resource efficiency, recycling, prevention of noise and visual pollution,use of environment friendly material in line with sustainable urban approaches. Developing greener production capacity via green technology and sustainable production are also aimed. 22 Box 2: Consistency of SDGs and 10th National Development Plan of Turkey (cont’d) Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts In the Plan, adapting and combat ting climate change are to be maintained in line with the principles of “common but differentiated responsibilities” and “respective capabilities” while considering national circumstances. By evaluating the effects of climate change and all activities in catchments on water quantity and quality, measures for saving water, combat ting drought and preventing pollution are put emphasis between the years 2014-2018. Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development In the Plan, maritime safety is given utmost importance. It is planned to establish safe maritime navigation corridors. In the fisheries sector, carrying out efficient resource management based on scientific data is one of the main objectives. Environmental sustainability is given high priority taking into consideration the aqua cultural activities. Additionally, institutional capacity will be strengthened throughout the Plan. Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, comb at desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss The main objective hereafter is e nsuring detection, protection, sustainable use, development and monitoring of bio diversity that is important for agriculture, forest s, food and pharmaceutical industry. Efficient use of land and water resources and overseeing the balance between protection and utilization of natural resources are considered as a priority. Taking effective measures is planned with the purpose of protecting high quality agriculture lands and forests. Efforts for combatting desertification and erosion will be improved and monitoring environmental and social impacts of agricultural activities on agricultural land resources will be launched throughout the Plan. Besides, efficient management of production and marketing of wood and non-wood forest products, especially industrial products, are main targets. The Plan also maintains that, i n forestry, capacity to fight against fires, pests and diseases is to be improved; afforestation and rehabilitation activities are to be accelerated. 23 Box 2: Consistency of SDGs and 10th National Development Plan of Turkey (cont’d) Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels The Plan further maintains that in order to improve the accessibility of justice, the right of defense and judicial assistance are to be enhanced . As stated in the Constitution, guaranteeing fundamental rights and freedoms of all citizens and non-discrimination on the basis of gender, age, race, language, color, philosophical views, religion, health conditions, income, nationality, ethnic origin, immigration status and political views is considered essential in the Plan. The main objective is to constitute a social structure that respects all religious beliefs and life styles as a fundamental principle that is convenient for individuals and differen t segments of society to express themselves freely through a pluralist perspectiveof liberal democracy. Fundamental rights and freedoms are to be continuously enhanced in the light of the universal criteria and practices. Within the framework of pluralist and participatory democratic political process es, strengthening mechanisms to get opinions and preserving the viewpoints of different social groups and NGOs are two of the the main objectives. Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development The main objective is to attaina higher level of national, administrative and human resources capacity in order to strengthen the international dynamics of development process of Turkey, with the ultimate purpose of sharing knowledge and experience with countries in need and attain ing sustainable and strong economic, social and cultural relations in international cooperation activities. Via the Plan, it is aimed to provide better quality and stronger con tribution to the global development agenda through effective participation in international organizations, to accelerate the efforts towards the improvement of global governance, and to develop relations at global scale, particularly with emerging economies and LDCs. Turkey will carry out active policies on multilateral platforms to improve global economic governance and make every effort to ensure closer cooperation and coordination among member states.The aid committed to the LDCs is planned to be used in line with the strategies aiming at developingthe capacity of the target countries and also improving long-term economic and trade relations. Moreover, institutional and operational cooperation with international aid organizations, the UN in particular, is to be enhanced as a part of the Plan. 24 Briefly, the recent 10 th Development Plan of Turkey has placed sustainable development at its core with a human -centered development approach. The 10th Development Plan has reflected the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development in a balanced way and has put special emphasis on the international cooperation for development. Green growth perspective has also been covered by the 10 th Development Plan. Having a strong ground for sustainable development at the highest level policy document, Turkey is completely dedicated to operationalize 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in line with its national circumstances. By this endeavor, Turkey is committed to take the SDGs as a critical input when drafting the vision of the next Plan in 2016 and to integrate SDGs into the 11 th Development Plan. 25 4 Integration of SDGs into the National Development Plan As it was discussed broadly in the previous section, the 10th NDP of Turkey covers almost all 17 SDGs, some more directly and some more indirectly. Following the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the Summit held in New York in September 2015, Turkish Government initially referred to the outcome of the Summit in 2016 Annual Program, which is a high level policy document approved by the High Planning Council and the Council of Ministers. The Annual Program follows the systematic guidance of the Plan and sets out the objectives and policies to be pursued in 2016. So, in the middle of the period of 10th NDP, as a practical approach, MoD outlined 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in the 2016 Annual Program, including Addis Ababa Process. In the Program, it is emphasized that Turkey’s development policies mirror the global shift to sustainable development with all its three dimensions. And it is also stated that green growth perspective has been gaining importance on the national context in line with international developments. In the Program, as a first step for integrating SDGs into national policies, conducting a stocktaking analysis study for determining current status of Turkey in terms of SDGs has been programmed. This study will be completed under the coordination of MoD with the help of other line ministries, private sector, academia and the NGOs. It will detect the shortcomings of the country and identify the priority areas to put the country on a sustainable development pathway. Stocktaking analysis has been scheduled after the HLPF Meeting in 2016 for learning from other countries’ experiences and carrying those experiences onto the implementation process. Stocktaking analysis will be the first concrete action taken by the Turkish Government in the implementation process. This analysis will serve as an important instrument for framing the development policies of Turkey in the next NDP period.