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Beyond Earth - A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration 1958-2016

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CC = Cape Canaveral, CK = Cape Kennedy, CSG = Le Centre Spatial Guyanais, GIK-5 = Baikonur, KSC = Kennedy Space Center, MARS = Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, NIIP-5 = Baikonur, SHAR = Sriharikota, VAFB = Vandenberg Air Force Base F = failure, IP = in progress, P = partial success, S = success

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign and OperationObjectiveOutcome
1970
[Luna]Ye-8-5 / 405c. 5,700 kg02-06-70 / 04:16:05NIIP-5 / 81LProton-K / 247-01USSRLavochkinlunar sampleF
Venera 73V / 6301,180 kg08-17-70 / 05:38:22NIIP-5 / 31Molniya-M / Kh15000-62USSRLavochkinVenus landingS
Kosmos 359 [Venera]3V / 631c. 1,200 kg08-22-70 / 05:06:08NIIP-5 / 31Molniya-M / Kh15000-61USSRLavochkinVenus landingF
Luna 16Ye-8-5 / 4065,725 kg09-12-70 / 13:25:52NIIP-5 / 81LProton-K / 248-01USSRLavochkinlunar sampleS
Zond 87K-L1 / 14c. 5,375 kg10-20-70 / 19:55:39NIIP-5 / 81LProton-K / 250-01USSRTsKBEMcircumlunarS
Luna 17 Lunokhod 1Ye-8 / 2035,700 kg11-10-70 / 14:44:01NIIP-5 / 81LProton-K / 251-01USSRLavochkinlunar roverS
1984
Vega 15VK / 901c. 4,840 kg12-15-84 / 09:16:24NIIP-5 / 200LProton-K / 329-01USSRLavochkinVenus landing, Halley flybyS
Vega 25VK / 902c. 4,840 kg12-21-84 / 09:13:52NIIP-5 / 200PProton-K / 325-02USSRLavochkinVenus landing, Halley flybyS
Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign and OperationObjectiveOutcome
1985
SakigakeMS-T5138.1 kg01-07-85 / 19:26Kagoshima / M1Mu-3S-II / 1JapanISASHalley flybyS
GiottoGiotto960 kg07-02-85 / 11:23:16CSG / ELA 1Ariane 1 / V14ESAESAHalley flybyS
SuiseiPlanet-A139.5 kg08-18-85 / 23:33Kagoshima / M1Mu-3S-II / 2JapanISASHalley flybyS
1988
Fobos 11F / 1016,220 kg07-07-88 / 17:38:04NIIP-5 / 200LProton-K / 356-02USSRLavochkinMars orbit / Phobos flyby / landingsF
Fobos 21F / 1026,220 kg07-12-88 / 17:01:43NIIP-5 / 200PProton-K / 356-01USSRLavochkinMars orbit / Phobos flyby / landingsP
1990
Hiten / HagoromoMUSES-A / MUSES-A subsat185 kg / 12 kg01-24-90 / 11:46:00Kagoshima / M1Mu-3S-II / 5JapanISASlunar encounter / orbitS
UlyssesUlysses371 kg10-06-90 / 11:47:16KSC / 39BSTS-41 / IUSESA / USAESA / NASA / JPLsolar orbitS
Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign and OperationObjectiveOutcome
2007
Artemis P1, Artemis P2THEMIS B, THEMIS C126 kg × 202-17-07 / 23:01:00CC / 17BDelta 7925-10C / D323USANASA / UC-BerkeleyEarth–Moon L1, Earth–Moon L2, lunar orbitS
2008
Chandrayaan-1Chandrayaan-1, MIP1,380 kg10-22-08 / 00:52:11SHAR / SLPPSLV-XL / C11IndiaISROlunar orbitS
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Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign and OperationObjectiveOutcome
2014
Chang’e 5-T1Chang’e 5-T13,300 kg10-23-14 / 18:00:04XichangCZ-3C/G2ChinaCNSAcircumlunar, Earth–Moon L2, lunar orbitS
Hayabusa 2Hayabusa 2600 kg12-03-14 / 04:22:04Tanegashima / Y1H-IIA / F26JapanJAXAasteroid rendezvous, sample returnIP
2015
DSCOVRTriana570 kg02-11-15 / 23:03:02CC / 40Falcon 9 v.1.1USANASA / NOAA / USAFSun–Earth L1S
LISA PathfinderSMART-21,910 kg12-03-15 / 04:04:00CSG / ELVVega / VV06ESAESASun–Earth L1S
2016
ExoMars TGO / SchiaparelliTGO / EDM Lander4,332 kg03-14-16 / 09:31Baikonur / 200LProton-M / 93560ESA / RussiaESA / RoskosmosMars orbit and landingS/P
OSIRIS-RExOSIRIS-REx2,110 kg09-08-16 / 23:05CC / 41Atlas V 411 / AV-067USANASAasteroid sample returnIP

GERMANY

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
Helios 1Helios-A370 kg11-10-74 / 07:11:02CC / 41Titan IIIE-Centaur / 2FRGDFVLR / NASAsolar orbitS
Helios 2Helios-B370 kg01-15-76 / 05:34:00CC / 41Titan IIIE-Centaur / 5FRGDFVLR / NASAsolar orbitS

EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY / UNITED STATES

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
UlyssesUlysses371 kg10-06-90 / 11:47:16KSC / 39BSTS-41 / IUSESA / USAESA / NASA / JPLsolar orbitS
SOHOSOHO1,864 kg12-02-95 / 08:08:01CC / 36BAtlas Centaur IIASESA / USAESA / NASASun–Earth L1S
Cassini-HuygensCassini / Huygens5,655 kg10-15-97 / 08:43CC / 40Titan 401B-CentaurUSA / ESANASA / JPL / ESASaturn orbit, Titan landingS

JAPAN / UNITED STATES

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
GeotailGeotail1,009 kg07-24-92 / 14:26CC / 17ADelta 6925 / D212Japan / USAISAS / NASAhigh Earth orbitS

ASIASAT

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
Asiasat 3HGS 13,465 kg12-24-97 / 23:19GIK-5 / 81LProton-K / 394-01AsiasatAsiasat / HughescircumlunarS

INDIA

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
Chandrayaan-1Chandrayaan-1, MIP1,380 kg10-22-08 / 00:42:11SHAR / SLPPSLV-XL / C11IndiaISROlunar orbit, lunar impactS

EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY / RUSSIA

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
ExoMars TGO / SchiaparelliTGO / EDM Lander4,332 kg03-14-16 / 09:31Baikonur / 200LProton-M / 93560ESA / RussiaESA / RoskosmosMars orbit and landingS/P

UNITED STATES

Official NameSpacecraft / no.MassLaunch date / timeLaunch place / padLaunch vehicle / no.NationDesign & OperationObjectiveOutcome
Mars Polar Lander / Deep Space 2MPL / DS-2576 kg01-03-99 / 20:21:10CC / 17BDelta 7425-9.5 / D265USANASA / JPLMars landingF
StardustStardust385 kg02-07-99 / 21:04:15CC / 17ADelta 7426-9.5 / D266USANASA / JPLcomet sample returnS
CuriosityMSL3,893 kg11-26-11 / 15:02:00CC / 41Atlas V 541 / 28USANASA / JPLMars landing and surface explorationS
LADEELADEE383 kg09-07-13 / 03:27:00MARS / 0BMinotaur V / 1USANASA / ARC / GSFClunar orbitS

Table 3. Total Lunar Spacecraft Attempts by Nation/Agency 1958–2016

Table 4. Total Mars Spacecraft Attempts by Nation/Agency 1958–2016

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Table 5. Total Venus Spacecraft Attempts by Nation/Agency 1958–2016

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