terms, including any that are non-concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific strategies and programmes Governments decide upon for implementation.
(b) Scientific and technological means
21.44. Governments and institutions, together with non -governmental organizations, shoul d, in collaboration with appropriate organizations of the United Nations system, launch programmes in different parts of the developing world to extend waste services to the unserved populations. These programmes should, wherever possible, build upon and r eorient existing or planned activities.
21.45. Policy changes at the national and local levels could enhance the rate of waste service coverage
extension. These changes should include the following:
a. Giving full recognition to and using the full range of low -cost options for waste
management, including, where appropriate, their institutionalization and incorporation
within codes of practice and regulation;
b. Assigning high priority to the extension of waste management services, as necessary and
appropriate, to all settlements irrespective of their legal status, giving due emphasis to
meeting the waste disposal needs of the unserved, especially the unserved urban poor;
c. Integrating the provision and maintenance of waste management services with other basic
services such as water -supply and storm -water drainage.
21.46. Research activities could be enhanced. Countries, in cooperation with appropriate international
organizations and non -governmental organizations, should, for instance:
a. Find solutions and equipment for manag ing wastes in areas of concentrated populations
and on small islands. In particular, there is a need for appropriate refuse storage and
collection systems and cost -effective and hygienic human waste disposal options;
b. Prepare and disseminate guidelines, ca se-studies, policy reviews and technical reports on
appropriate solutions and modes of service delivery to unserved low -income areas;
c. Launch campaigns to encourage active community participation involving women's and
youth groups in the management of wast e, particularly household waste;
d. Promote intercountry transfer of relevant technologies, especially technologies for high -
density settlements.
(c) Human resource development
21.47. International organizations and national and local Governments, in collaborati on with non - governmental organizations, should provide focused training on low -cost waste collection and disposal options, particularly techniques for their planning and delivery. Intercountry staff exchange programmes among developing countries could form part of such training. Particular attention should be given to upgrading the status and skills of management -level personnel in waste management agencies.
21.48. Improvements in management techniques are likely to yield the greatest returns in terms of improving waste management service efficiency. The United Nations, international organizations and financial institutions should, in collaboration with national and local Governments, develop and render operational management information systems for municipal rec ord keeping and accounting and for efficiency and effectiveness assessment.
(d) Capacity-building
21.49. Governments, institutions and non -governmental organizations, with the collaboration of
appropriate organizations of the United Nations system, should dev elop capacities to implement
programmes to provide waste collection and disposal services to the unserved populations. Some
activities under the programmes should include the following:
a.
Establishing a special unit within current institutional arrangements to plan and deliver
services to the unserved poor communities, with their involvement and participation;
b.
Making revisions to existing codes and regulations to permit the use of the full range of
low-cost alternative technologies for waste disposal;
c.
Building institutional capacity and developing procedures for undertaking service
planning and delivery.
Agenda 21 – Chapter 22 SAFE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES PROGRAMME AREA
Promoting the safe and envir onmentally sound management of radioactive wastes
Basis for action
22.1. Radioactive wastes are generated in the nuclear fuel cycle as well as in nuclear applications (the use of radionuclides in medicine, research and industry). The radiological and safety risk from radioactive wastes varies from very low in short -lived, low-level wastes up to very large for high - level wastes. Annually about 200,000 m3 of low -level and intermediate -level waste and 10,000 m3 of high-level waste (as well as spent nuclear fuel destined for final disposal) is generated world wide from nuclear power production. These volumes are increasing as more nuclear power units are taken into operation, nuclear facilities are decommissioned and the use of radionuclides increases. The high-level waste contains about 99 per cent of the radionuclides and thus represents the largest radiological risk. The waste volumes from nuclear applications are generally much smaller, typically some tens of cubic metres or less per year and country. However, the activity concentration, especially in sealed radiation sources, might be high, thus justifying very stringent radiological protection measures. The growth of waste volumes should continue to be kept under close review.
22.2. The safe and environmentally so und management of radioactive wastes, including their minimization, transportation and disposal, is important, given their characteristics. In most countries with a substantial nuclear power programme, technical and administrative measures have been taken to implement a waste management system. In many other countries still only in preparation for a national nuclear programme or having only nuclear applications, such systems are still needed.
Objective
22.3. The objective of this programme area is to ensure t hat radioactive wastes are safely managed, transported, stored and disposed of, with a view to protecting human health and the environment, within a wider framework of an interactive and integrated approach to radioactive waste management and safety.
Activities
(a) Management-related activities
22.4. States, in cooperation with relevant international organizations, where appropriate, should:
a. Promote policies and practical measures to minimize and limit, where appropriate, the
generation of radioactive wast es and provide for their safe processing, conditioning,
transportation and disposal;
b. Support efforts within IAEA to develop and promulgate radioactive waste safety
standards or guidelines and codes of practice as an internationally accepted basis for the
safe and environmentally sound management and disposal of radioactive wastes;
c. Promote safe storage, transportation and disposal of radioactive wastes, as well as spent
radiation sources and spent fuel from nuclear reactors destined for final disposal, in all
countries, in particular in developing countries, by facilitating the transfer of relevant
technologies to those countries and/or the return to the supplier of radiation sources after
their use, in accordance with relevant international regulations or guidelines;
d. Promote proper planning, including environmental impact assessment where appropriate,
of safe and environmentally sound management of radioactive waste, including
emergency procedures, storage, transportation and disposal, prior to and after a ctivities
that generate such waste.
(b) International and regional cooperation and coordination
22.5. States, in cooperation with relevant international organizations, where appropriate, should:
a. Strengthen their efforts to implement the Code of Practice on t he Transboundary
Movements of Radioactive Waste and, under the auspices of IAEA, in cooperation with
relevant international organizations dealing with different modes of transport, keep the
question of such movements under active review, including the desi rability of concluding
a legally binding instrument;
b. Encourage the London Dumping Convention to expedite work to complete studies on
replacing the current voluntary moratorium on disposal of low -level radioactive wastes at
sea by a ban, taking into accoun t the precautionary approach, with a view to taking a well
informed and timely decision on the issue;
c. Not promote or allow the storage or disposal of high -level, intermediate -level and low-
level radioactive wastes near the marine environment unless they d etermine that scientific
evidence, consistent with the applicable internationally agreed principles and guidelines,
shows that such storage or disposal poses no unacceptable risk to people and the marine
environment or does not interfere with other legitim ate uses of the sea, making, in the
process of consideration, appropriate use of the concept of the precautionary approach;
d. Not export radioactive wastes to countries that, individually or through international
agreements, prohibit the import of such wast es, such as the contracting parties to the
Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of
Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes within Africa, the fourth Lom
Convention or other relevant conventions, where such prohibition i s provided for;
e. Respect, in accordance with international law, the decisions, as far as applicable to them,
taken by parties to other relevant regional environmental conventions dealing with other
aspects of safe and environmentally sound management of ra dioactive wastes.
Means of implementation
(a) Financing and cost evaluation
22.6. The costs at the national level of managing and disposing of radioactive wastes are considerable and will vary, depending on the technology used for disposal.
22.7. The Conference secretariat has estimated the average total annual cost (1993 -2000) to international organizations to implement the activities of this programme to be about $8 million. Actual costs and financial terms, including any that are non -concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific strategies and programmes Governments decide upon for implementation.
(b) Scientific and technological means
22.8. States, in cooperation with international organizations, where appropriate, should:
a. Promote research and devel opment of methods for the safe and environmentally sound
treatment, processing and disposal, including deep geological disposal, of high -level
radioactive waste;
b. Conduct research and assessment programmes concerned with evaluating the health and
environmental impact of radioactive waste disposal.
(c) Capacity-building, including human resource development
22.9. States, in cooperation with relevant international organizations, should provide, as appropriate, assistance to developing countries to establish and/ or strengthen radioactive waste management infrastructures, including legislation, organizations, trained manpower and facilities for the handling, processing, storage and disposal of wastes generated from nuclear applications.
Agenda 21 – Chapter 23 STRENGTHENING THE ROLE OF MAJOR GROUPS PREAMBLE
23.1. Critical to the effective implementation of the objectives, policies and mechanisms agreed to by Governments in all programme areas of Agenda 21 will be the com mitment and genuine involvement of all social groups.
23.2. One of the fundamental prerequisites for the achievement of sustainable development is broad public participation in decision -making. Furthermore, in the more specific context of environment and development, the need for new forms of participation has emerged. This includes the need of individuals, groups and organizations to participate in environmental impact assessment procedures and to know about and participate in decisions, particularly those whi ch potentially affect the communities in which they live and work. Individuals, groups and organizations should have access to information relevant to environment and development held by national authorities, including information on products and activitie s that have or are likely to have a significant impact on the environment, and information on environmental protection measures.
23.3. Any policies, definitions or rules affecting access to and participation by non -governmental organizations in the work of Uni ted Nations institutions or agencies associated with the implementation of Agenda 21 must apply equally to all major groups.
23.4. The programme areas set out below address the means for moving towards real social partnership in support of common efforts for s ustainable development.
Agenda 21 – Chapter 24
GLOBAL ACTION FOR WOMEN TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE AND
EQUITABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMME AREA
Basis for action
24.1. The international community has endorsed several plans of action and con ventions for the full, equal and beneficial integration of women in all development activities, in particular the Nairobi Forward - looking Strategies for the Advancement of Women, 1/ which emphasize women's participation in national and international ecosys tem management and control of environment degradation. Several conventions, including the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (General Assembly resolution 34/180, annex) and conventions of ILO and UNESCO have also been adopted to end gender -based discrimination and ensure women access to land and other resources, education and safe and equal employment. Also relevant are the 1990 World Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children and the Plan of Action for implementing the Declaration (A/45/625, annex). Effective implementation of these programmes will depend on the active involvement of women in economic and political decision -making and will be critical to the successful implementation of Agenda 21.
Objectives
24.2. The following objectives are proposed for national Governments:
a. To implement the Nairobi Forward -looking Strategies for the Advancement of Women,
particularly with regard to women's participation in national ecosystem management and
control of environment degradation;
b. To increase the proportion of women decision makers, planners, technical advisers,
managers and extension workers in environment and development fields;
c. To consider developing and issuing by the year 2000 a strategy of c hanges necessary to
eliminate constitutional, legal, administrative, cultural, behavioural, social and economic
obstacles to women's full participation in sustainable development and in public life;
d. To establish by the year 1995 mechanisms at the national , regional and international
levels to assess the implementation and impact of development and environment policies
and programmes on women and to ensure their contributions and benefits;
e. To assess, review, revise and implement, where appropriate, curricu la and other
educational material, with a view to promoting the dissemination to both men and women
of gender-relevant knowledge and valuation of women's roles through formal and non -
formal education, as well as through training institutions, in collaborat ion with non-
governmental organizations;
f. To formulate and implement clear governmental policies and national guidelines,
strategies and plans for the achievement of equality in all aspects of society, including the
promotion of women's literacy, education , training, nutrition and health and their
participation in key decision -making positions and in management of the environment,
particularly as it pertains to their access to resources, by facilitating better access to all
forms of credit, particularly in the informal sector, taking measures towards ensuring
women's access to property rights as well as agricultural inputs and implements;
g. To implement, as a matter of urgency, in accordance with country -specific conditions,
measures to ensure that women and men have the same right to decide freely and
responsibly the number and spacing of their children and have access to information,
education and means, as appropriate, to enable them to exercise this right in keeping with
their freedom, dignity and personal ly held values;
h. To consider adopting, strengthening and enforcing legislation prohibiting violence
against women and to take all necessary administrative, social and educational measures
to eliminate violence against women in all its forms.
Activities
24.3. Governments should take active steps to implement the following:
a. Measures to review policies and establish plans to increase the proportion of women
involved as decision makers, planners, managers, scientists and technical advisers in the
design, developm ent and implementation of policies and programmes for sustainable
development;
b. Measures to strengthen and empower women's bureaux, women's non -governmental
organizations and women's groups in enhancing capacity -building for sustainable
development;
c. Measures to eliminate illiteracy among females and to expand the enrolment of women
and girls in educational institutions, to promote the goal of universal access to primary
and secondary education for girl children and for women, and to increase educational an d
training opportunities for women and girls in sciences and technology, particularly at the
post-secondary level;
d. Programmes to promote the reduction of the heavy workload of women and girl children
at home and outside through the establishment of more a nd affordable nurseries and
kindergartens by Governments, local authorities, employers and other relevant
organizations and the sharing of household tasks by men and women on an equal basis,
and to promote the provision of environmentally sound technologie s which have been
designed, developed and improved in consultation with women, accessible and clean
water, an efficient fuel supply and adequate sanitation facilities;
e. Programmes to establish and strengthen preventive and curative health facilities, which
include women-centred, women -managed, safe and effective reproductive health care and
affordable, accessible, responsible planning of family size and services, as appropriate, in
keeping with freedom, dignity and personally held values. Programmes should focus on
providing comprehensive health care, including pre -natal care, education and information
on health and responsible parenthood, and should provide the opportunity for all women
to fully breastfeed at least during the first four months post -partum. Programmes should
fully support women's productive and reproductive roles and well -being and should pay
special attention to the need to provide equal and improved health care for all children
and to reduce the risk of maternal and child mortality and sick ness;
f. Programmes to support and strengthen equal employment opportunities and equitable
remuneration for women in the formal and informal sectors with adequate economic,
political and social support systems and services, including child care, particularly day-
care facilities and parental leave, and equal access to credit, land and other natural
resources;
g. Programmes to establish rural banking systems with a view to facilitating and increasing
rural women's access to credit and to agricultural inputs and i mplements;
h. Programmes to develop consumer awareness and the active participation of women,
emphasizing their crucial role in achieving changes necessary to reduce or eliminate
unsustainable patterns of consumption and production, particularly in industria lized
countries, in order to encourage investment in environmentally sound productive
activities and induce environmentally and socially friendly industrial development;
i. Programmes to eliminate persistent negative images, stereotypes, attitudes and prejud ices
against women through changes in socialization patterns, the media, advertising, and
formal and non-formal education;
j. Measures to review progress made in these areas, including the preparation of a review
and appraisal report which includes recommend ations to be submitted to the 1995 world
conference on women.
24.4. Governments are urged to ratify all relevant conventions pertaining to women if they have not
already done so. Those that have ratified conventions should enforce and establish legal,
constitutional and administrative procedures to transform agreed rights into domestic legislation and
should adopt measures to implement them in order to strengthen the legal capacity of women for full
and equal participation in issues and decisions on sustainable development.
24.5. States parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women should review and suggest amendments to it by the year 2000, with a view to strengthening those elements of the Convention related to environmen t and development, giving special attention to the issue of access and entitlements to natural resources, technology, creative banking facilities and low - cost housing, and the control of pollution and toxicity in the home and workplace. States parties should also clarify the extent of the Convention's scope with respect to the issues of environment and development and request the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women to develop guidelines regarding the nature of reporting such issues, required under particular articles of the Convention.
(a) Areas requiring urgent action
24.6. Countries should take urgent measures to avert the ongoing rapid environmental and economic degradation in developing countries that generally affects the lives of women and children in rural areas suffering drought, desertification and deforestation, armed hostilities, natural disasters, toxic waste and the aftermath of the use of unsuitable agro -chemical products.
24.7. In order to reach these goals, women should be f ully involved in decision -making and in the implementation of sustainable development activities.
(b) Research, data collection and dissemination of information
24.8. Countries should develop gender -sensitive databases, information systems and participatory action-
oriented research and policy analyses with the collaboration of academic institutions and local
women researchers on the following:
a. Knowledge and experience on the part of women of the management and conservation of
natural resources for incorporat ion in the databases and information systems for
sustainable development;
b. The impact of structural adjustment programmes on women. In research done on
structural adjustment programmes, special attention should be given to the differential
impact of those programmes on women, especially in terms of cut -backs in social
services, education and health and in the removal of subsidies on food and fuel;
c. The impact on women of environmental degradation, particularly drought, desertification,
toxic chemicals and a rmed hostilities;
d. Analysis of the structural linkages between gender relations, environment and
development;
e. The integration of the value of unpaid work, including work that is currently designated
"domestic", in resource accounting mechanisms in order b etter to represent the true value
of the contribution of women to the economy, using revised guidelines for the United
Nations System of National Accounts, to be issued in 1993;
f. Measures to develop and include environmental, social and gender impact analy ses as an
essential step in the development and monitoring of programmes and policies;
g. Programmes to create rural and urban training, research and resource centres in
developing and developed countries that will serve to disseminate environmentally sound
technologies to women.
(c) International and regional cooperation and coordination
24.9. The Secretary-General of the United Nations should review the adequacy of all United Nations
institutions, including those with a special focus on the role of women, in me eting development and
environment objectives, and make recommendations for strengthening their capacities. Institutions
that require special attention in this area include the Division for the Advancement of Women (Centre
for Social Development and Humanit arian Affairs, United Nations Office at Vienna), the United
Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), the International Research and Training Institute
for the Advancement of Women (INSTRAW) and the women's programmes of regional
commissions. The review should consider how the environment and development programmes of
each body of the United Nations system could be strengthened to implement Agenda 21 and how to
incorporate the role of women in programmes and decisions related to sustainable development.
24.10. Each body of the United Nations system should review the number of women in senior policy - level and decision -making posts and, where appropriate, adopt programmes to increase that number, in accordance with Economic and Social Council resolution 1991/17 on the improvement of the status of women in the Secretariat.
24.11. UNIFEM should establish regular consultations with donors in collaboration with UNICEF, with a view to promoting operational programmes and projects on sustainable development that will strengthen the participation of women, especially low -income women, in sustainable development and in decision-making. UNDP should establish a women's focal point on development and environment in each of its resident representative offices to provide informatio n and promote exchange of experience and information in these fields. Bodies of the United Nations system, governments and non -governmental organizations involved in the follow -up to the Conference and the implementation of Agenda 21 should ensure that gen der considerations are fully integrated into all the policies, programmes and activities.
Means of implementation
Financing and cost evaluation
24.12. The Conference secretariat has estimated the average total annual cost (1993 -2000) of implementing the ac tivities of this chapter to be about $40 million from the international community on grant or concessional terms. These are indicative and order -of-magnitude estimates only and have not been reviewed by Governments. Actual costs and financial terms, includ ing any that are non - concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific strategies and programmes Governments decide upon for implementation.
Notes
1/ Report of the World Conference to Review and Appraise the Achievements of the United Nations
Decade for Women: Equality, Development and Peace, Nairobi, 15 -26 July 1985 (United Nations
publication, Sales No. E.85.IV.10), chap. I, sect. A.
Agenda 21 – Chapter 25
CHILDREN AND YOUTH IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
25.1. Youth comprise nearly 30 per cent of the world's population. The involvement of today's youth in
environment and development decision -making and in the implementation of programmes is critical
to the long-term success of Agenda 21.
PROGRAMME AREAS
A. Advancing the role of youth and actively involving them in the protection of the environment and the promotion of economic and social development
Basis for action
25.2. It is imperative that youth from all parts of the world participate actively in all relevant levels of decision-making processes b ecause it affects their lives today and has implications for their futures. In addition to their intellectual contribution and their ability to mobilize support, they bring unique perspectives that need to be taken into account.
25.3. Numerous actions and reco mmendations within the international community have been proposed to ensure that youth are provided a secure and healthy future, including an environment of quality, improved standards of living and access to education and employment. These issues need to be addressed in development planning.
Objectives
25.4. Each country should, in consultation with its youth communities, establish a process to promote dialogue between the youth community and Government at all levels and to establish mechanisms that permit youth access to information and provide them with the opportunity to present their perspectives on government decisions, including the implementation of Agenda 21.
25.5. Each country, by the year 2000, should ensure that more than 50 per cent of its youth, gend er balanced, are enrolled in or have access to appropriate secondary education or equivalent educational or vocational training programmes by increasing participation and access rates on an annual basis.
25.6. Each country should undertake initiatives aimed at reducing current levels of youth unemployment, particularly where they are disproportionately high in comparison to the overall unemployment rate.
25.7. Each country and the United Nations should support the promotion and creation of mechanisms to involve youth representation in all United Nations processes in order to influence those processes.
25.8. Each country should combat human rights abuses against young people, particularly young women and girls, and should consider providing all youth with legal protectio n, skills, opportunities and the support necessary for them to fulfil their personal, economic and social aspirations and potentials.
Activities
25.9. Governments, according to their strategies, should take measures to:
a. Establish procedures allowing for con sultation and possible participation of youth of both
genders, by 1993, in decision -making processes with regard to the environment,
involving youth at the local, national and regional levels;
b. Promote dialogue with youth organizations regarding the drafti ng and evaluation of
environment plans and programmes or questions on development;
c. Consider for incorporation into relevant policies the recommendations of international,
regional and local youth conferences and other forums that offer youth perspectives on
social and economic development and resource management;
d. Ensure access for all youth to all types of education, wherever appropriate, providing
alternative learning structures, ensure that education reflects the economic and social
needs of youth and i ncorporates the concepts of environmental awareness and sustainable
development throughout the curricula; and expand vocational training, implementing
innovative methods aimed at increasing practical skills, such as environmental scouting;
e. In cooperation with relevant ministries and organizations, including representatives of
youth, develop and implement strategies for creating alternative employment
opportunities and provide required training to young men and women;
f. Establish task forces that include you th and youth non -governmental organizations to
develop educational and awareness programmes specifically targeted to the youth
population on critical issues pertaining to youth. These task forces should use formal and
non-formal educational methods to reac h a maximum audience. National and local
media, non-governmental organizations, businesses and other organizations should assist
in these task forces;
g. Give support to programmes, projects, networks, national organizations and youth non -
governmental organi zations to examine the integration of programmes in relation to their
project requirements, encouraging the involvement of youth in project identification,
design, implementation and follow -up;
h. Include youth representatives in their delegations to interna tional meetings, in accordance
with the relevant General Assembly resolutions adopted in 1968, 1977, 1985 and 1989.
25.10. The United Nations and international organizations with youth programmes should take measures
to:
a. Review their youth programmes and consid er how coordination between them can be
enhanced;
b. Improve the dissemination of relevant information to governments, youth organizations
and other non-governmental organizations on current youth positions and activities, and
monitor and evaluate the applic ation of Agenda 21;
c. Promote the United Nations Trust Fund for the International Youth Year and collaborate
with youth representatives in the administration of it, focusing particularly on the needs
of youth from developing countries.
Means of implementat ion
Financing and cost evaluation
25.11. The Conference secretariat has estimated the average total annual cost (1993 -2000) of implementing the activities of this programme to be about $1.5 million on grant or concessional terms. These are indicative and orde r-of-magnitude estimates only and have not been reviewed by Governments. Actual costs and financial terms, including any that are non -concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific strategies and programmes Governments decide upon for implementation.
B. Children in sustainable development
Basis for action
25.12.
Children not only will inherit the responsibility of looking after the Earth, but in many developing
countries they comprise nearly half the population. Furthermore, children in both developing and
industrialized countries are highly vulnerable to the effects of environmental degradation. They are
also highly aware supporters of environmental thinking. The specific interests of children need to be
taken fully into account in the participatory process on environment and development in order to
safeguard the future sustainability of any actions taken to improve the environment.
Objectives
25.13.
National governments, according to their policies, should take measures to:
a.
Ensure the survival, protection and development of children, in accordance with the goals
endorsed by the 1990 World Summit for Children (A/45/625, annex);
b.
Ensure that the interests of children are taken fully into account in the participatory
process for sustainable development and environmental improvement.
Activities
25.14.
Governments should take active steps to:
a.
Implement programmes for children designed to reach the child-related goals of the
1990s in the areas of environment and development, especially health, nutrition,
education, literacy and poverty alleviation;
b.
Ratify the Convention on the Rights of the Child (General Assembly resolution 44/25 of
20 November 1989, annex), at the earliest moment and implement it by addressing the
basic needs of youth and children;
c.
Promote primary environmental care activities that address the basic needs of
communities, improve the environment for children at the household and community
level and encourage the participation and empowerment of local populations, including
women, youth, children and indigenous people, towards the objective of integrated
community management of resources, especially in developing countries;
d.
Expand educational opportunities for children and youth, including education for
environmental and developmental responsibility, with overriding attention to the
education of the girl child;
e.
Mobilize communities through schools and local health centres so that children and their
parents become effective focal points for sensitization of communities to environmental
issues;
f.
Establish procedures to incorporate children's concerns into all relevant policies and
strategies for environment and development at the local, regional and national levels,
including those concerning allocation of and entitlement to natural resources, housing and
recreation needs, and control of pollution and toxicity in both rural and urban areas.
25.15.
International and regional organizations should cooperate and coordinate in the proposed areas.
UNICEF should maintain cooperation and collaboration with other organizations of the United
Nations, Governments and non-governmental organizations to develop programmes for children and
programmes to mobilize children in the activities outlined above.
Means of implementation
(a) Financing and cost evaluation
25.16. Financing requirements for most of the activities are included in estimates for other programmes.